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Trait, behavioural, situational and new leadership
- It explores four main eras in leadership theory: trait, behavioural, situational and new leadership.
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The present paper explores the historical evolution of leadership theory, which includes four main eras: trait, behavioural, situational and new leadership. The focus was initially on natural born leaders and identifying the traits of the effective leader.
Aug 1, 2020 · The last century saw an evolution of leadership theories grouped into four eras (Daft, 2008). The first era featured ‘Great Person Leadership’ theories, which saw innate characteristics and traits as the key to leadership success.
- Pre-Twentieth Century
- Leadership in The Twentieth Century
- Early Twentieth Century: Scientific Management and Trait Theory
- The Turn of The Twenty-First Century
- Democratisation
As far back as 380 BC, Plato argued in his Republic that those best suited to leadership were those with the greatest knowledge. They were the philosopher kings and their attributes made them effective. These included wisdom, truthfulness, justice, gentleness and a love of learning. Some 1900 years on from this ‘classic’ view of leadership, Machiav...
There appears to have been six distinct phases in the history of thinking about leaders in the twentieth century. Scholars from very different disciplines—from history and political science to psychology and sociology—have added their particular slant to try to understand the dynamics of leadership (Table 1.2). We will describe these approaches in ...
In the early twentieth century, over a century after the start of the industrial revolution, the impact of science and engineering was enormous. Its principles and applications seemed limitless and the engineer Frederick Winslow Taylor suggested a theory of the ‘scientific management’ of businesses. In many respects, this was a theory of leadership...
Keith Grint (2000) proposed that leadership is more of an art than a science. He proposed four different kinds of arts that described fundamental leadership contributions addressing the who, what, how and why questions leaders have to answer: 1. The Philosophical Arts answer questions of identity (key question: who are we?) 2. The Fine Arts answer ...
It is not just the role of vision that changes over time, however, in the power-shift we have described. There is also a shift in decision-making. Indeed, we argue that through the twentieth century, a power-shift in decision-making has occurred that we dubbed the democratisation of leadership. Here, we see three distinct phases of twentieth-centur...
- David Pendleton, Adrian Furnham
- 2012
The three most noteworthy theories of this era are the Contingency Theory (Fiedler, 1964,1967), the Path-Goal Theory (Evans, 1970; House, 1971; House and Mitchell, 1974) and the Normative Theory (Vroom and Yetton, 1973; Vroom and Jago, 1988).
Jul 20, 2021 · This piece organizes these theories into a rough chronology to orient and provide a means to forecast new directions and potentially radical new conceptions of what constitutes leadership over...
In this article, Albert S King uses a developmental perspective to create an evolutionary tree of leadership theory. He identifies nine evolutionary eras with researchers in each era focusing on a specific theme of leadership. He also discusses the requirements of the Tenth Era — the Integrative Era — which hopefully will bring together ...
Oct 15, 2020 · This research advances a social identity approach to leadership through a meta-analysis examining four novel hypotheses that clarify the nature and impact of leader group prototypicality (the extent to which a leader is perceived to embody shared social identity).
