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Nov 3, 2023 · The endocardium has two layers. The inner layer lines the heart chambers and is made of endothelial cells. Superiorly, is the second layer: a subendocardial connective tissue which is continuous with the connective tissue of the myocardium. Branches of the heart’s conduction system are immersed into the subendocardial layer.
- Heart Valves Anatomy
Understanding heart valves anatomy is important in grasping...
- Pericardium
Between the layers is the pericardial cavity, a potential...
- Oral Cavity
Oral cavity. The oral cavity is situated anteriorly on the...
- Conduction System
The cardiac conduction system is a network of specialized...
- Structure, Valves, Coronary Vessels
The cusps are pushed open to allow blood flow in one...
- Cardiac Muscle Tissue Histology
Cardiac muscle tissue, also known as myocardium, is a...
- Heart Valves Anatomy
Aug 4, 2023 · The serous layer secrets thin fluid called the pericardial fluid that lubricates the heart and reduces friction during the pumping of the heart. Being supplied with blood and lymph vessels, it also helps to distribute nutrients and oxygen to the heart wall and collect and transport the wastes.
- Regina Bailey
- Epicardium. Epicardium (epi-cardium) is the outer layer of the heart wall. It is also known as visceral pericardium as it forms the inner layer of the pericardium.
- Myocardium. Myocardium (myo-cardium) is the middle layer of the heart wall. It is composed of cardiac muscle fibers, which enable heart contractions. The myocardium is the thickest layer of the heart wall, with its thickness varying in different parts of the heart.
- Endocardium. Endocardium (endo-cardium) is the thin inner layer of the heart wall. This layer lines the inner heart chambers, covers heart valves, and is continuous with the endothelium of large blood vessels.
The middle layer is the myocardium and is composed mainly of cardiac muscle and forms the bulk of the heart. The myocardium is the layer that contracts and is composed of cardiac. muscle cells tethered to one another by crisscrossing tissue fibers arranged in circular bundles. These bundles link all parts of the heart together.
- Location of the Heart. The human heart is located within the thoracic cavity, medially between the lungs in the space known as the mediastinum. Figure 19.2 shows the position of the heart within the thoracic cavity.
- Shape and Size of the Heart. The shape of the heart is similar to a pinecone, rather broad at the superior surface and tapering to the apex (see Figure 19.2).
- Chambers and Circulation through the Heart. The human heart consists of four chambers: The left side and the right side each have one atrium and one ventricle.
- Membranes, Surface Features, and Layers. Our exploration of more in-depth heart structures begins by examining the membrane that surrounds the heart, the prominent surface features of the heart, and the layers that form the wall of the heart.
Layers. The wall of the heart is composed of three layers of unequal thickness. From superficial to deep, these are the epicardium, the myocardium and the endocardium (see Figure 6.1.4). The outermost layer of the wall of the heart is also the innermost layer of the pericardium, the epicardium, or the visceral pericardium discussed earlier.
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Oct 30, 2023 · The heart contains three basic layers similar to those seen in arteries and veins. The outermost layer is the epicardium, which is derived from the proepicardium (from the septum transversum). The middle layer is the myocardium, and the innermost layer is the endocardium, which originated from mesothelial cells of the outflow tract.
