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Nov 3, 2023 · Nerves and blood vessels that supply the heart are found in the epicardium. At the roots of great vessels, the epicardium reflects back and continues as the parietal pericardium, forming an enclosed pericardial sac.
- Heart Valves Anatomy
Understanding heart valves anatomy is important in grasping...
- Pericardium
Between the layers is the pericardial cavity, a potential...
- Oral Cavity
Oral cavity. The oral cavity is situated anteriorly on the...
- Conduction System
The cardiac conduction system is a network of specialized...
- Structure, Valves, Coronary Vessels
The cusps are pushed open to allow blood flow in one...
- Cardiac Muscle Tissue Histology
Cardiac muscle tissue, also known as myocardium, is a...
- Heart Valves Anatomy
- Regina Bailey
- Epicardium. Epicardium (epi-cardium) is the outer layer of the heart wall. It is also known as visceral pericardium as it forms the inner layer of the pericardium.
- Myocardium. Myocardium (myo-cardium) is the middle layer of the heart wall. It is composed of cardiac muscle fibers, which enable heart contractions. The myocardium is the thickest layer of the heart wall, with its thickness varying in different parts of the heart.
- Endocardium. Endocardium (endo-cardium) is the thin inner layer of the heart wall. This layer lines the inner heart chambers, covers heart valves, and is continuous with the endothelium of large blood vessels.
Nov 10, 2024 · Last updated on November 10, 2024. The heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body via the circulatory system. It is approximately the size of a fist and consists of four chambers: two atria and two ventricles. The heart is composed of specialized muscle tissue, known as myocardium, and is encased within a double-layered ...
Mar 24, 2022 · The heart is made of three layers of tissue. Endocardium is the thin inner lining of the heart chambers and also forms the surface of the valves. Myocardium is the thick middle layer of muscle that allows your heart chambers to contract and relax to pump blood to your body.
- Location of The Heart
- Everyday Connection
- Shape and Size of The Heart
- Chambers and Circulation Through The Heart
- Membranes, Surface Features and Layers
- Membranes
- Disorders of The Heart: Cardiac Tamponade
- Surface Features of The Heart
- Layers
- Internal Structure of The Heart
The human heart is located within the thoracic cavity, medially between the lungs in the space known as the mediastinum. Figure 6.1.1 shows the position of the heart within the thoracic cavity. Within the mediastinum, the heart is separated from the other mediastinal structures by a tough membrane known as the pericardium, or pericardial sac, and s...
CPR The position of the heart in the torso between the vertebrae and sternum (see Figure 6.1.1 for the position of the heart within the thorax) allows for individuals to apply an emergency technique known as cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if the heart of a patient should stop. In adults, pressure is applied with the flat portion of one hand on...
The shape of the heart is similar to a pinecone, rather broad at the superior surface and tapering to the apex (see Figure 6.1.1). A typical heart is approximately the size of your fist: 12 cm (5 in) in length, 8 cm (3.5 in) wide, and 6 cm (2.5 in) in thickness. Given the size difference between most members of the sexes, the weight of a female hea...
The human heart consists of four chambers: The left side and the right side each have one atrium and one ventricle. Each of the upper chambers, the right atrium (plural = atria) and the left atrium, acts as a receiving chamber and contracts to push blood into the lower chambers, the right ventricle and the left ventricle. The ventricles serve as th...
Our exploration of more in-depth heart structures begins by examining the membrane that surrounds the heart, the prominent surface features of the heart and the layers that form the wall of the heart. Each of these components plays its own unique role in terms of function.
The membrane that directly surrounds the heart and defines the pericardial cavity is called the pericardium or pericardial sac. It also surrounds the “roots” of the major vessels, or the areas of closest proximity to the heart. The pericardium, which literally translates as “around the heart,” consists of two distinct sublayers: the sturdy outer fi...
If excess fluid builds within the pericardial space, it can lead to a condition called cardiac tamponade, or pericardial tamponade. With each contraction of the heart, more fluid—in most instances, blood—accumulates within the pericardial cavity. In order to fill with blood for the next contraction, the heart must relax. However, the excess fluid i...
Inside the pericardium, the surface features of the heart are visible, including the four chambers. There is a superficial leaf-like extension of the atria near the superior surface of the heart, one on each side, called an auricle—a name that means “ear like”—because its shape resembles the external ear of a human (Figure 6.1.5). Auricles are rela...
The wall of the heart is composed of three layers of unequal thickness. From superficial to deep, these are the epicardium, the myocardium and the endocardium (see Figure 6.1.4). The outermost layer of the wall of the heart is also the innermost layer of the pericardium, the epicardium, or the visceral pericardium discussed earlier. The middle and ...
Recall that the heart’s contraction cycle follows a dual pattern of circulation—the pulmonary and systemic circuits—because of the pairs of chambers that pump blood into the circulation. In order to develop a more precise understanding of cardiac function, it is first necessary to explore the internal anatomical structures in more detail.
- Anna Chruścik, Kate Kauter, Louisa Windus, Eliza Whiteside
- 2021
Jan 4, 2024 · The heart wall itself can be divided into three distinct layers: the endocardium, myocardium, and epicardium. In this article, we shall look at the anatomy and clinical relevance of these layers.
The great veins, the superior and inferior venae cavae, and the great arteries, the aorta and pulmonary trunk, are attached to the superior surface of the heart, called the base. The base of the heart is located at the level of the third costal cartilage, as seen in Figure 19.2.
