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Nov 10, 2021 · Pollution and the Heart. Cardiovascular diseases are the world’s leading cause of disability and death. Such diseases were responsible in 2019 for an estimated 18.6 million deaths globally and ...
- Air Pollution and Mortality in The Medicare Population
We constructed an open cohort of all Medicare beneficiaries...
- Conquering Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease
State-level disparities in burden of ischemic heart diseases...
- Long-Term Ozone Exposure and Mortality
Studies conducted over the past 15 years have provided...
- Heed The Science
The intended policy directions described to date by...
- Air Pollution and Mortality in The Medicare Population
- Regina Bailey
- Epicardium. Epicardium (epi-cardium) is the outer layer of the heart wall. It is also known as visceral pericardium as it forms the inner layer of the pericardium.
- Myocardium. Myocardium (myo-cardium) is the middle layer of the heart wall. It is composed of cardiac muscle fibers, which enable heart contractions. The myocardium is the thickest layer of the heart wall, with its thickness varying in different parts of the heart.
- Endocardium. Endocardium (endo-cardium) is the thin inner layer of the heart wall. This layer lines the inner heart chambers, covers heart valves, and is continuous with the endothelium of large blood vessels.
Sep 25, 2024 · Chemical pollution of soil, water, air and food is a major environmental threat, leading to an estimated 9 million premature deaths worldwide. The Global Burden of Disease study estimated that ...
Feb 1, 2024 · A global expansion of industrialization, rapid urban growth, and continued reliance on fossil fuels have led to a 65% rise in environmental pollution levels over the past 20 years, making it a leading risk factor for early mortality, responsible for 1 in every 6 global deaths. 1 Though the adverse effects of air pollution on cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have recently been well appreciated ...
Layers. The wall of the heart is composed of three layers of unequal thickness. From superficial to deep, these are the epicardium, the myocardium, and the endocardium (see Figure 19.1.3). The outermost layer of the wall of the heart is also the innermost layer of the pericardium, the epicardium, or the visceral pericardium discussed earlier.
- Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Mat...
- 2019
Oct 20, 2024 · The wall of the heart is composed of three layers of unequal thickness. From superficial to deep, these are the epicardium, the myocardium, and the endocardium (see Figure \(\PageIndex{4}\)). The outermost layer of the wall of the heart is also the innermost layer of the pericardium, the epicardium, or the visceral pericardium discussed earlier.
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The heart wall is comprised of three layers, the epicardium (outer), myocardium (middle), and endocardium (inner). These tissue layers are highly specialized and perform different functions. During ventricular contraction, the wave of depolarization from the SA and AV nodes moves from within the endocardial wall through the myocardial layer to ...
