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The heart is located in the thoracic cavity medial to the lungs and posterior to the sternum. On its superior end, the base of the heart is attached to the aorta, pulmonary arteries and veins, and the vena cava. The inferior tip of the heart, known as the apex, rests just superior to the diaphragm.
- Heart anatomy. The heart has five surfaces: base (posterior), diaphragmatic (inferior), sternocostal (anterior), and left and right pulmonary surfaces. It also has several margins: right, left, superior, and inferior
- Heart valves. Heart valves separate atria from ventricles, and ventricles from great vessels. The valves incorporate two or three leaflets (cusps) around the atrioventricular orifices and the roots of great vessels.
- Blood flow through the heart. The blood flow through the heart is quite logical. It happens with the heart cycle, which consists of the periodical contraction and relaxation of the atrial and ventricular myocardium (heart muscle tissue).
- Coronary circulation. The heart must also be supplied with oxygenated blood. This is done by the two coronary arteries: left and right. Heart muscles work constantly (thank goodness!)
Oct 31, 2024 · What is the heart wall made up of? The heart consists of several layers of a tough muscular wall, the myocardium. A thin layer of tissue, the pericardium, covers the outside, and another layer, the endocardium, lines the inside.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- In humans, the heart is situated between the two lungs and slightly to the left of center, behind the breastbone. It rests on the diaphragm, the mu...
- The pumping of the heart, or the heartbeat, is caused by alternating contractions and relaxations of the myocardium. These contractions are stimula...
- The rhythmic noises accompanying the heartbeat are called heart sounds. The two distinct sounds are heard, a low, slightly prolonged “lub” (first s...
- The Heart Wall Is Composed of Three Layers. The muscular wall of the heart has three layers. The outermost layer is the epicardium (or visceral pericardium).
- The Atria Are the Heart’s Entryways for Blood. The left atrium and right atrium are the two upper chambers of the heart. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
- Each Heart Beat Is a Squeeze of Two Chambers Called Ventricles. The ventricles are the two lower chambers of the heart. Blood empties into each ventricle from the atrium above, and then shoots out to where it needs to go.
- The Valves Are Like Doors to the Chambers of the Heart. Four valves regulate and support the flow of blood through and out of the heart. The blood can only flow one way—like a car that must always be kept in drive.
Your heart has four separate chambers. You have two chambers on the top (atrium, plural atria) and two on the bottom (ventricles), one on each side of your heart. Right atrium: Two large veins deliver oxygen-poor blood to your right atrium. The superior vena cava carries blood from your upper body.
The heart is a four-chambered "double pump," where each side (left and right) operates as a separate pump. The left and right sides of the heart are separated by a muscular wall of tissue known as the septum of the heart.
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Jun 11, 2024 · The heart is the pump that moves blood around your body. It has four main parts: two upper chambers called atria and two lower chambers called ventricles. These parts work together to get oxygen-rich blood to your body and oxygen-poor blood back to your heart.
