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Source: Horticulture Statistics at a Glance 2017, National Horticulture Board, Government of India Prospects of horticultural crops in India Diverse agro-climatic conditions in India ensure the production of all types of fresh fruits, vegetables and medicinal plants in different parts of the country (Table1.1). Health consciousness among people is
- Introduction to Horticulture: This is a common question that confronts both students and workers in plant agriculture. Indeed, it is important to be able to distinguish between the two main divisions of crop production, horticulture and agronomy, in order to acquire better theoretical understanding and skills in either specialized field.
- Definition of Horticulture: Horticulture (garden cultivation) is the branch of agricultural plant sciences that deals with the production of fruits, vegetables, nuts, and ornamentals.
- Branches of Horticulture: Following are the main divisions of horticulture: i. Olericulture: The production of vegetables including storage, processing, and marketing.
- Horticultural Activities: Horticultural activities may be divided into several broad categories based mainly on the kinds of plants involved.
Horticulture plays a significant role in the agricultural sector of India, contributing to food security, income generation, and environmental sustainability. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the current scope of horticulture in India, focusing on its importance, trends, challenges, and future prospects.
- Why in News?
- What Is Horticulture?
- Classification
- Features of Horticulture in India
- Achievements
- Challenges
- Suggestions
- Way Forward
Recently, Department of Agriculture, Cooperation and Farmers Welfare released the Third Advanced Estimate (2018-19) of Area and Production of various Horticulture Crops.As per the report, the total horticulture production in the country is estimated to be 313.85 million tonnes which is 0.69% higher than the horticulture production of 311.71 million tonnes in 2017-18.The area under horticulture crops has increased to 25.49 million hectares in 2018-19 from 25.43 million hectares in 2017-18.Horticulture is the branch of agriculture concerned with intensively cultured plants directly used by man for food, medicinal purposes and aesthetic gratification.In simpler words,it is cultivation, production and sale of vegetables, fruits, flowers, herbs, ornamental or exotic plants.The term Horticulture is derived from the Latin words hortus (garden) and cultūra (cultivation).L.H. Bailey is considered the Father of American Horticulture and M.H. Marigowda is considered the Father of Indian Horticulture.Pomology: Planting, harvesting, storing, processing, and marketing of fruit and nutcrops.Olericulture: Producing and marketing vegetables.Arboriculture: Study, selection and care of individual trees, shrubs or other perennial woody plants.Ornamental Horticulture: It has two subparts-Horticulture sector has become one of the major drivers of growth as it is more remunerative than the agricultural sector (food grains mainly).This sector provides employment possibilitiesacross primary, secondary and tertiary sectors.Horticulture crops, fruits are more resilient to change in weather conditions and the vegetables augment the incomeof small and marginal farmers.Water utilisation is very low, minimising the risk of crop failureand it can be done on smaller farms.In the last few decades, this sector has gained prominence over contributing a growing share in Gross Value Addition of the Agriculture and allied sectors.Mission for Integrated Development of Horticulture (MIDH)is being implemented by adopting an end to end approach for increasing production of horticulture crops and reducing post-harvest losses.Horticulture does not enjoy a safety net like the Minimum Support Price (MSP)for foodgrains.Lack of good cold chain storage and transport networksto extend the life of perishable products.Very less or limited input by machinery and equipmentso it is tough to minimise the time restraints.Higher input costs than foodgrains make it a difficult set up,especially when there is no support from the local governments to the smaller farmers.Achieve technology led developmentin Horticulture.Post harvest & value additionin horticulture crops.Modified atmosphere packaging for long storability & transportationof fruits & vegetables.Insect pollinators for improving productivity and qualityof the crops.The diversification in the agricultural sector mainly of the horticulture sector has become a major source of positive growthfor the sector itself and for the nation.It has emerged as a promising source of income acceleration, employment generation, poverty alleviation and export promotion.India can emerge as a far bigger producer and exporter if sufficient emphasis is given to resource allocation, infrastructure development, more R&D, technological upgradation and better policy fram...Horticulture sector with strong forward and backward linkagesas an organised industry can stimulate and sustain growth.Aug 27, 2024 · The National Horticulture Mission (NHM) is a government initiative launched in 2005-06 to promote the holistic development of horticulture in India. It aims to enhance the production of fruits, vegetables, flowers, spices, and medicinal plants by supporting the adoption of modern technologies, improving infrastructure, and encouraging sustainable farming practices.
Aug 13, 2024 · The recently launched Clean Plant Programme (CPP), by the government of India, aims to increase the yield and productivity of horticulture crops in India. The focus of the Indian diet, shifting from mere calorie security to a nutrition-secure mindset , has also led to the growth of horticultural sector in India.
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Jul 31, 2024 · Horticulture has implemented cutting-edge methods that have enhanced productivity and export potential, leading to further expansion. 10% of the land in India is used for horticulture, which accounts for 33% of the agricultural value. India has advantageous topographical characteristics that promote the development of a wide range of vegetables.
