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The wavelength of visible light is very small. For example, waves of orange light have a length of only 0.0000006 meter. Because the wavelength of light is so small, scientists use nanometers. One nanometer (nm) is one billionth of a meter (0.000000001 m). Figure 10.5 shows the size of a light wave relative to other small things.
Light is absorbed (propagation is stopped) Medium is opaque. If light wave frequency ≠ molecules resonant frequency. Light is reradiated and propagated forward through medium. Medium is transparent. In a solid or liquid, propagation is in straight line. In a gas, propagation is less organized and scatter increases.
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• When light goes through matter, electrons in the matter are forced to vibrate along with the light. • Recall Ch 20 on sound – response of material depends on how close the forced vibration is to the natural frequency of the material. Same is true here with light. • First note that visible light has very high freq (~1014 Hz), so if
- 11.4 EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT
- 11.4.2 Effect of potential on photoelectric current
- SUMMARY
- POINTS TO PONDER
Figure 11.1 depicts a schematic view of the arrangement used for the experimental study of the photoelectric effect. It consists of an evacuated glass/quartz tube having a thin photosensitive plate C and another metal plate A. Monochromatic light from the source S of sufficiently short wavelength passes through the window W and falls on the photos...
We first keep the plate A at some positive potential with respect to the plate C and illuminate the plate C with light of fixed frequency n and fixed intensity I 1. We next vary the positive potential of plate A gradually and measure the resulting photocurrent each time. It is found that the photoelectric current increases with increase in positiv...
The minimum energy needed by an electron to come out from a metal surface is called the work function of the metal. Energy (greater than the work function fo) required for electron emission from the metal surface can be supplied by suitably heating or applying strong electric field or irradiating it by light of suitable frequency. Photoelectric ef...
Free electrons in a metal are free in the sense that they move inside the metal in a constant potential (This is only an approximation). They are not free to move out of the metal. They need additional energy to get out of the metal. Free electrons in a metal do not all have the same energy. Like molecules in a gas jar, the electrons have a certain...
1.S: The Nature of Light (Summary) Thumbnail: An EM wave, such as light, is a transverse wave. The electric E→ E and magnetic B→ B fields are perpendicular to the direction of propagation. The direction of polarization of the wave is the direction of the electric field. In this chapter, we study the basic properties of light.
consistent with the properties of light. Because light needs no medium, it comes to us through the vast in terstellar space and thus provides a sensitive probe of space and time on a grand scale. This leads us to a discussion of galaxies and the uni verse-so that this book can end with a bang. 15.2 . PARTICLES -AND WAVES
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Study Guide: Properties of Light 1. Define these properties of light and be able to recognize them in a diagram of a waveform: a. Wavelength b. Speed c. Amplitude d. Phase e. Polarization f. Frequency g. Period h. Energy i. Coherence 2. Describe the dual nature of light—both as a continuous wave and as a discrete particle—and give examples ...
