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- The cardiac cycle diagram (see figure) depicts changes in aortic pressure (AP), left ventricular pressure (LVP), left atrial pressure (LAP), left ventricular volume (LV Vol), and heart sounds during a single cycle of cardiac contraction and relaxation. These changes are related in time to the electrocardiogram.
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Oct 30, 2023 · The cardiac cycle is defined as a sequence of alternating contraction and relaxation of the atria and ventricles in order to pump blood throughout the body. It starts at the beginning of one heartbeat and ends at the beginning of another.
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The diagram below represents the different phases of the cardiac cycle. The atrial systole, ventricular systole, atrial diastole, and ventricular diastole are clearly mentioned in the cardiac cycle diagram given below.
- The different phases of the cardiac cycle involve: Atrial diastole Atrial systole Isovolumic contraction Ventricular ejection Isovolumic relaxation...
- Systole is the period when the heart chambers contract that causes the ejection of blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk.
- Diastole is the part of the cardiac cycle during which the heart refills blood after it is emptied during the systolic phase.
- The major symptoms of diastolic dysfunction include: Shortness of breath Weakness Dizziness Nausea Lack of appetite Coughing or wheezing
- Introduction
- Structure of The Heart
- The Cardiac Cycle
- Wigger’s Diagram
- Cardiac Volumes
- Key Points
- References
The heart is the pump of the body’s circulatory system. It must work in a systematic way so that the body is adequately supplied with blood. This article will give an overview of the cardiac cycle, highlighting the physiology and clinical relevance.
Blood flows through the structures of the heart in the following order: 1. Great veins (the venae cavae on the right and the pulmonary vein on the left) 2. Atria 3. Ventricles 4. Great arteries (the pulmonary artery on the right and the aorta on the left) There are two sets of valves, theatrioventricular and thesemilunar valves, on each side of the...
The heart relies on its muscle to contract and relax to pump the blood around the body. The left and right sides of the heart areindependent of each other, however, will contract synchronously. When in a contractile state, this is called systole. When in a relaxed state, this is called diastole. The cycle can then be divided into three stages: 1. A...
Wigger’s diagram is used to demonstrate thevarying pressures in the atrium, ventricle, and artery during one cardiac cycle (Figure 2). Intracardiac pressures are different within the right and left sides of the heart. The left side hashigher pressure, as it has to pump blood through the whole body, compared to the right side, which has to pump bloo...
There are two cardiac volumes to be measured during the cardiac cycle. 1. Ventricular end-systolic volume= the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of the systolic phase 2. Ventricular end-diastolic volume= the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of the diastolic phase These volumes can then be used to calculate other parameters whic...
The cardiac cycle can be divided into systolic (contraction) and diastolic(relaxation) phases.The cycle goes in the following order: atrial systole, ventricular systole and diastole.Heart valves open when the pressure of the chamber lying before it is higherthan that of the chamber after the valve.The shutting of the valves produces the two heart sounds(S1/S2), also known as the ‘lub-dub’ heart sounds.Reference texts
1. Gillian Pocock, Christopher D. Richards, David A. Richards. Human Physiology (Fifth Edition). 2018. 2. Walter F. Boron, Emile L. Boulpaep. Medical Physiology (Third Edition). 2017.
Reference images
1. Figure 1. OpenStax. Dual System of the Human Blood Circulation. License: [CC BY 4.0] 2. Figure 2 – 6. DanielChangMD. Adapted by Geeky Medics. Wigger’s diagram. Licence: [CC BY-SA 2.5]
Feb 12, 2017 · The two main phases of the cardiac cycle are systole and diastole, and they follow each other in sequence. Each stage in the cardiac cycle contains important steps which direct the flow of blood properly. These steps include contractions of heart chambers and the proper opening and closing of specific heart valves.
- Gabe Buckley
The cardiac cycle comprises a complete relaxation and contraction of both the atria and ventricles, and lasts approximately 0.8 seconds. Beginning with all chambers in diastole, blood flows passively from the veins into the atria and past the atrioventricular valves into the ventricles.
- Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Mat...
- 2019
There are two basic phases of the cardiac cycle: diastole (relaxation and filling) and systole (contraction and ejection). Diastole represents the period when the ventricles are relaxed (not contracting).
The phases of the cardiac cycle are atrial systole (a), isometric contraction (b), maximal ejection (c), reduced ejection (d), protodiastolic phase (e), isometric relaxation (f), rapid inflow (g), and diastasis, or slow LV filling (h).
