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Jul 30, 2022 · EPO stimulates the production of erythrocytes within the bone marrow. Erythrocytes are the major formed element of the blood and may contribute 40 percent or more to blood volume, a significant factor of viscosity, resistance, pressure, and flow. In addition, EPO is a vasoconstrictor.
- Capillary Exchange
The patient’s blood would flow more sluggishly from the...
- Circulatory Pathways
Tracing blood flow through arteries follows the current in...
- Capillary Exchange
20.4 homeostatic regulation of the vascular system. What are the three homeostatic mechanisms that ensure adequate blood flow, pressure, distribution ad perfusion. Click the card to flip 👆. Neural, endocrine and autoregulatory mechanisms. Click the card to flip 👆. 1 / 80.
Figure 1.3.3 – Positive Feedback Loop: Normal childbirth is driven by a positive feedback loop. A positive feedback loop results in a change in the body’s status, rather than a return to homeostasis. The first contractions of labor (the stimulus) push the baby toward the cervix (the lowest part of the uterus).
- Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Mat...
- 2019
- Neural Regulation
- Endocrine Regulation
- Autoregulation of Perfusion
- Effect of Exercise on Vascular Homeostasis
- Clinical Considerations in Vascular Homeostasis
- Chapter Review
- Self Check
- Glossary
The nervous system plays a critical role in the regulation of vascular homeostasis. The primary regulatory sites include the cardiovascular centers in the brain that control both cardiac and vascular functions. In addition, more generalized neural responses from the limbic system and the autonomic nervous system are factors.
Endocrine control over the cardiovascular system involves the catecholamines, epinephrine and norepinephrine, as well as several hormones that interact with the kidneys in the regulation of blood volume.
As the name would suggest, autoregulation mechanisms require neither specialized nervous stimulation nor endocrine control. Rather, these are local, self-regulatory mechanisms that allow each region of tissue to adjust its blood flow—and thus its perfusion. These local mechanisms include chemical signals and myogenic controls.
The heart is a muscle and, like any muscle, it responds dramatically to exercise. For a healthy young adult, cardiac output (heart rate × stroke volume) increases in the nonathlete from approximately 5.0 liters (5.25 quarts) per minute to a maximum of about 20 liters (21 quarts) per minute. Accompanying this will be an increase in blood pressure fr...
Any disorder that affects blood volume, vascular tone, or any other aspect of vascular functioning is likely to affect vascular homeostasis as well. That includes hypertension, hemorrhage, and shock.
Neural, endocrine, and autoregulatory mechanisms affect blood flow, blood pressure, and eventually perfusion of blood to body tissues. Neural mechanisms include the cardiovascular centers in the medulla oblongata, baroreceptors in the aorta and carotid arteries and right atrium, and associated chemoreceptors that monitor blood levels of oxygen, car...
Answer the question(s) below to see how well you understand the topics covered in the previous section.
anaphylactic shock: type of shock that follows a severe allergic reaction and results from massive vasodilation aortic sinuses: small pockets in the ascending aorta near the aortic valve that are the locations of the baroreceptors (stretch receptors) and chemoreceptors that trigger a reflex that aids in the regulation of vascular homeostasis atrial...
Three homeostatic mechanisms ensure adequate blood flow, blood pressure, distribution, and ultimately perfusion: neural, endocrine, and autoregulatory mechanisms. They are summarised in Figure 6.9.1. Figure 6.9.1. Summary of factors maintaining vascular homeostasis.
- Anna Chruścik, Kate Kauter, Louisa Windus, Eliza Whiteside
- 2021
Learning Objectives. At the end of this unit, you should be able to: I. Explain the importance of homeostasis to physiology and specify three conditions that are maintained by homeostatic processes. II. Describe the internal environment of the human body. III. Define the term stressor. IV. Define a feedback loop.
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20.4 Homeostatic Regulation of the Vascular System. Learning Objectives. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Discuss the mechanisms involved in the neural regulation of vascular homeostasis. Describe the contribution of a variety of hormones to the renal regulation of blood pressure.
