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- Tone plays a prominent role in the study of phonology because of its structural complexity. That is, in many languages, the way a tone surfaces is conditioned by factors such as the segmental composition of the morpheme, the tonal specifications of surrounding constituents, morphosyntax, and intonation.
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phonology: Phonological phenomena are no longer treated as random events. That falling tones are formed before a low tone and not before a high tone is not considered as an accident. A phonological process is expressed by a direct connection of some part of the phonological representation of a neighbouring segment.
use tone to distinguish morphemes and words vs. those that do not. Found in large numbers of languages in Sub-Saharan Africa, East and Southeast Asia, parts of New Guinea, Mexico, the Northwest Amazon and elsewhere, tone can be used to distinguish lexical morphemes (e.g. noun and verb roots) or grammatical functions.
Chapter 1 provides essential phonetic background information for empirically oriented students of prosody. Chapters 2 and 3 deal with basic typological categories like ‘tone’, ‘stress’, ‘intonation’, and ‘accent’. Chapter 4 discusses the place of intonation in language.
Designed as a comprehensive study accessible to the novice and useful for the expert, each chapter covers a particular aspect of tone in increasing depth and complexity, weaving together key concepts and theories that provide complementing or competing accounts of tone's phonological intricacies.
In reality, the physics of tone will involve intensity, duration, and other acoustic properties as well, in relation to the human articulatory systems. Through an overview of the physical dimensions of tone, this section hopes to reveal some of the complexities that are less often studied.
A comprehensive review of tonal phonetics is presented covering the acoustic correlates of tone, contextual tonal variation, methods used in tone production research, as well as recent research topics in tonal phonetics.
Dec 31, 2020 · Tone can undergo vertical or horizontal assimilation as well as dissimilation. Tone can function lexically, morphologically, syntactically, or semantically. No other phonological features exhibit the long-distance effects found with tone.
