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- By 1793, he had added “Louverture” (French for “opening”) to his name, presumably for his skill in finding or creating openings in enemy lines. In 1793, warfare between France and Spain provided an opportunity for Louverture to form an alliance with the Spanish, who controlled the eastern side of the island of Hispaniola.
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Sep 16, 2024 · Napoleon sent General Charles Leclerc to overthrow him and restore French rule, but Haitians, led by Jean-Jacques Dessalines and Henry Christophe, prevailed over the French, and Dessalines declared Haiti independent in 1804.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
It turned out to be the richest colony in the new world, and they began to loot it. The French grip on the island grew, and presently Spain was forced to give up the Dominican end. All of Hispaniola -- then called Saint Domingue -- formally became French in 1795. Observe the date. The distant winds of the great French Revolution began to reach ...
The French called their portion of Hispaniola Saint-Domingue, the French equivalent of Santo Domingo. The Spanish colony on Hispaniola remained separate, and eventually became the Dominican Republic, the capital of which is still named Santo Domingo. [4]
The Haitian Revolution (French: révolution haïtienne or French: La guerre de l'indépendance French pronunciation: [ʁevɔlysjɔ̃ a.i.sjɛn]; Haitian Creole: Lagè d Lendependans) was a successful insurrection by self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign state of Haiti. [2]
- Hispaniola
- Independent Empire of Haiti established
- Haitian victory
Toussaint Louverture, leader of the Haitian independence movement during the French Revolution (1787–99). He emancipated the enslaved peoples and negotiated for the French colony on Hispaniola, Saint-Domingue (later Haiti), to be governed, briefly, by the formerly enslaved as a French protectorate.
- Toussaint Louverture led a successful slave revolt and emancipated the slaves in the French colony of Saint-Domingue (Haiti). A formidable military...
- After France, under Napoleon, reconquered Haiti, Toussaint Louverture was tricked into a meeting and arrested. He was sent to France, where he was...
- One of Toussaint Louverture’s lieutenants, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, after learning that the French intended to reintroduce slavery, staged an upris...
By the early 17th century, the French had built a settlement on the west of Hispaniola and called it Saint-Domingue. Prior to the Seven Years' War (1756–1763), the economy of Saint-Domingue gradually expanded, with sugar and, later, coffee becoming important export crops.
Controlling all Saint-Domingue, Louverture turned to Spanish Santo Domingo, where slavery persisted. Ignoring commands to the contrary by Roume and by Napoleon Bonaparte, who had become first consul of France, Louverture overran it in January 1801, freed the slaves, and amazed the Europeans and mulattoes with his magnanimity.
