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This book, Basic Sentence of English, is arranged simply for making the English learners master the composition of sentence in English. It is used to fulfill the need of students in learning the basic sentences of English. The content of the material is meant to train the students to master the given chapters by providing so many exercises that ...
in. Locate the subordinate clause. Few people know (who, whom) they should ask. They are unsure (who, whom) makes the decision. Rewrite the subordinate clause as a separate sentence, substituting a personal pronoun for who, whom. Choose the pronoun that sounds correct, and note its case. They should ask (she,her).
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Simple Sentence A simple sentence only has one independent clause. An independent clause has a subject and a verb and expresses a complete thought. Examples: Some students like to study in the morning. The green dish broke. The llama spit. Sometimes, simple sentences have compound structures. There are four main types of compound structures:
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- Grammar
- Parts of a Sentence
- Subject
- Predicate
- Subjects
- Predicates
- Independent Clause
- Dependent Clause
- Subordinate Conjunction
- Some common subordinate conjunctions are:
- Phrase
- This phrase lacks a complete idea: what happened while resting on a beach?
- Declarative
- Exclamatory
- Imperative
- Simple Sentence
- Compound Sentence
- Complex Sentence
- Compound-Complex
- Sentence Fragment
- Missing Verb
- Corrected sentence:
- Missing Subject
- Corrected sentence:
- Missing Independent Clause
- Corrected sentence:
- Sentences or Sentence Fragments
- Sentence Fragments
- Run-on Sentences
- Run-on Sentence
- Corrected Sentence
- Correcting Run-on Sentences
- Run-on Sentences
- Rambling Sentences
- Choppy Sentences
- Choppy Sentence
- Corrected Sentence
- Choppy Sentences
- Lack of Sentence Variety
- Corrected Sentence
- Other strategies you can use to make your writing more varied include the following:
- Wordy Sentences
- Corrected Sentence
- Correcting Run-On Sentences p.21
on the Go! Sentences enable us to communicate complete thoughts in both speaking and writing. Learning to write strong sentences can make our writing more powerful.
A complete sentence contains two parts: a subject and a predicate. The subject is what or whom the sentence is about, while the predicate tells something about the subject.
The subject is a noun or a pronoun that acts on a verb. To find the subject of a sentence ask, “who?” or “what?” in front of the verb.
The predicate consists of a verb and its parts. Verbs can be action words (read, study, carry), or states of being (exists, is, was). To find the verb ask, “what is the subject being or doing?”
Underline the complete subject in each of these sentences. After you do that, circle the noun or pronoun that is the main subject. Follow the pattern shown here: Her little brother will be turning three next week. 16 The day was warm, sunny, and perfect for sailing. On a whim, Ned decided to walk down to the wharf. He looked at the sky and thought ...
Underline the complete predicate in each sentence. Circle the verb that is the simple predicate. Follow the pattern shown here: The sound of the television blasted from the basement. Cindi wanted to build a go-kart. Her uncle, a talented mechanic, promised to help her. Together, they drew some plans. They made a list of materials. Cindi collected e...
An independent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb and expresses a complete idea. An independent clause is also a sentence.
A dependent clause is a group of words that contains a subject and verb but does not express a complete thought. A dependent Mustan played his new video game until midnight. When Mustan played his video game until midnight. (What happened when he played his video? The thought is incomplete.) clause is not a complete sentence.
A subordinate conjunction or joining word at the beginning of an independent clause makes it into a dependent clause. When Mustan played his video game until midnight, he slept through is alarm the following morning.
after although as as if even if in order to because even though since before if though unless when until whenever whatever whether
A phrase is a group of words that: does not express a complete thought may lack a subject or a verb or both While resting on the beach This phrase lacks aa subject: who’s resting?
A common type of a phrase is a prepositional phrase. Preposition phrases indicate relationships of time and place. A prepositional phrase contains a preposition and its object. in the house around the corner after dinner in = preposition around = prepositon after = preposition house = object corner = object dinner = object Prepositional phrases, li...
“declares” a fact or makes a statement usually ends with a period
expresses strong emotions or feelings ends with an exclamation mark
gives a command or makes a request usually begins with a verb usually ends with a period, though if the command is strong, it can end with an exclamation mark the subject of the sentence is understood I like milkshakes. Do you like milkshakes? I hate milkshakes more than anything! Buy me a milkshake. Hurry up and buy me a milkshake!
A simple sentence is a group of words that can stand independently to express a complete thought. It has a subject and a predicate and may have added phrases. A simple sentence is an independent clause. The rocket exploded. The subject is the rocket and the predicate is exploded. The sentence expresses a complete thought.
compound sentence joins two or more independent clauses. co-coordinating conjunction (and, but, for, or, so, yet) or a semicolon is used to join these two equal clauses. The rocket exploded, but the experimental satellite was salvaged. The two independent clauses, “The rocket exploded” and “the experimental satellite was salvaged” are connected by ...
A complex sentence contains an independent clause and one or more dependent clauses. It usually contains a subordinating conjunction to help it flow more smoothly and to help make the sentence’s meaning clear. The satellite was destroyed when the rocket exploded. The subordinating conjunction “when” weakens the clause “the rocket exploded” so that ...
A compound-complex sentence is a blend of the two structures. It contains two or more independent clauses, as well as one or more subordinate (sometimes called dependent) clauses. Although an amazing thing happened this afternoon, I missed it, but at least my sister took a picture of it.
Incorrectly punctuated as a sentence but lacks a subject, a verb, or both. A sentence fragment does not express a complete idea.
Sentence fragment: Error: This statement does not have a verb telling what these people are doing. Add a verb to make the statement a complete sentence.
Two hundred cheering spectators Two hundred cheering spectators attended the game.
Sentence fragment: Error: This statement does not have a subject telling who or what did all this whizzing. Add a subject to make the statement a complete sentence.
Whizzed over the fence at great speed The ball whizzed over the fence at great speed.
Sentence fragment: Error: This statement has both a subject and a verb, but it cannot stand alone. It is a dependent clause which needs an While they built a snow fence independent clause to make it complete. Add an independent clause with a subject and verb to make the statement a complete sentence.
While they built a snow fence, they sang a happy song. They sang a happy song while they built a snow fence.
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
(a) The donkey brayed whenever the dog barked. (a) I quickly learned not to go near the dog if the donkey was nearby. (a) On her own, the donkey was fine. On his own, the dog was too. (b) The problem occurred if the two of them caught sight of the other. (b) It was easy enough to keep the dog in the house because the donkey couldn’t go in ther...
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variety of sentence patterns. Subjects, Verbs, and Clauses In its simplest form, an English sentence has two parts: a subject and a verb that express a complete thought when they are together. The subject shows who or what is doing the action. It is always some form of noun or pronoun. The verb shows the action or the state of being.
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ay be long. or short. Examples1 s. Birds fly. Birds fly in the winter. rbJack and Dan study togethersub. ashes and dries the dishes.2 subject. and 2 verbsSadia and Ali work and live together.Simple sentences consist of. ay be long. or short. Examples1 s.
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SENTENCE STRUCTURE. Simple SentencesA simple sentence can be two word. twenty, or more. It just has to have a verb (an action, or being, or possessing) and a subject (something or someone that . doing the verb). Each of the following is a complete simple sentence, also called an “ind. pendent claus.
