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The Book of Ne introduces us to treasury-chambers in the second temple--now used for the voluntary offerings (tithes) of the people--grain, and wine, and oil (Nehemiah 13:4; compare Malachi 3:10).
And over this thing was Eliasib the priest, who was set over the treasury of the house of our God, and was near akin to Tobias. English Revised Version Now before this, Eliashib the priest, who was appointed over the chambers of the house of our God, being allied unto Tobiah, GOD'S WORD® Translation
For the people of Israel and the sons of Levi shall bring the contribution of grain, wine, and oil to the chambers, where the vessels of the sanctuary are, as well as the priests who minister, and the gatekeepers and the singers.
Jesus was sitting ‘opposite the treasury' when he saw the widow put into one of the containers the two copper coins which were all that she had (Mark 12:41-44; Lk 21:1-2). It was near these treasure chests that the man healed of his blindness came up to Jesus in John 8:20 and worshipped Him.
- Sheʾol: Grave, Death, Or Underworld?
- Alternative Terms: Similar Ambiguity
- Afterlife?
- Everyone Goes to Sheʾol
- Death Is Bad
- Rhetorical Usage to Encourage Righteousness
- The Problem of Reward and Punishment
- What About After Death?
- Enoch and The Separation of Good and Wicked After Death
- From Rhetorical Threats to Proto-Hell
The Hebrew Bible does not offer a clear-cut depiction of what happens to a person upon death. Sheʾol (שְׁאוֹל), whose etymology is unclear, is the most common term used for where people go after they die. It connotes going down into the ground, but is it just a synonym in elevated language for the Hebrew word קֶבֶר (kever) “grave,” or does it imply...
The same ambiguity appears when we look at two other terms sometimes used in parallel to sheʾol in poetic texts,and which also seem to connote grave: 1. בּוֹר(bor)—A common Hebrew word for “pit.” 2. שַׁחַת(shachat)—also seems to have the primary meaning of “pit” or “chasm.” A good example of a text that employs all three terms is Psalm 30: The psal...
While the terms themselves don’t offer a clear picture of what happens after a person dies, we know from other texts that more than one belief existed about the existence of an afterlife. On one hand, Ecclesiastes claims that people, like animals, simply end in dust: Later, Ecclesiastes 9:5 claims וְהַמֵּתִים אֵינָם יוֹדְעִים מְאוּמָה “the dead do ...
Whether people simply go to the grave upon death or whether they enter some kind of underworld, the Hebrew Bible consistently imagines that the same fate is in store for everybody, the righteous and wicked alike. Perhaps the starkest example of this appears in the prophetic curses of Israel’s enemies, which emphasize how these “great” kings and con...
The biblical texts referencing sheʾol generally depict it as undesirable. While it may be that everyone dies, death is a bad thing. This negative view of death stands behind the use of sheʾol and its synonyms as a frightening rhetorical trope in many biblical texts. For example, Job describes how he only has death to look forward to, and describes ...
The threat of an early death (and entrance into sheʾol) is used for the rhetorical purpose of encouraging readers/hearers to act righteously and avoid sin. Perhaps the most famous such passage appears in the story of Datan and Abiram, who rebel against Moses’ authority. In response, Moses sets up a test whether they will die a natural death or: Whe...
The book of Deuteronomy states: Deuteronomy’s many references to specific blessings and curses make it clear that all take place during the person’s lifetime.Rain, prosperity, children and a long life are the blessings; drought, war, pestilence, and early death are the curses.
The idea that death and whatever comes along with it make no distinction between good and bad people greatly frustrated the Hellenistic period author of Ecclesiastes: In this period, distinctions begin to be made about what happens to good and bad people after they die. This change may be a consequence of interaction with non-Israelite worldviews—H...
Beginning in the late 3rd / early 2nd centuryB.C.E., Jewish apocalyptic literature begins to flourish. These texts lament the sorry state of the world and speak about future times when a supernatural event will effect major change. Many of these apocalypses offer accounts of people journeying through the spaces of the dead, led by a tour guide. As ...
Like the biblical texts, the book of Enoch uses descriptions of death and afterlife as rhetorical tools to emphasize the value of living a righteous life and avoiding sinful behavior. But the shift from threats of early death to threats of quality of afterlife is the first step toward reframing the concept of divine judgment to include what happens...
“You shall tithe all the yield of your seed that comes from the field year by year. And before the Lord your God, in the place that he will choose, to make his name dwell there, you shall eat the tithe of your grain, of your wine, and of your oil, and the firstborn of your herd and flock, that you may learn to fear the Lord your God always.
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Jan 4, 2022 · Purpose of Writing: The Book of Nehemiah, one of the history books of the Bible, continues the story of Israel’s return from the Babylonian captivity and the rebuilding of Jerusalem. Key Verses: Nehemiah 1:3, "They said to me, 'Those who survived the exile and are back in the province are in great trouble and disgrace.
