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The outer surface of the bone is covered with a fibrous membrane called the periosteum (peri – = “around” or “surrounding”). The periosteum contains blood vessels, nerves, and lymphatic vessels that nourish compact bone. Tendons and ligaments also attach to bones at the periosteum.
Sep 25, 2013 · Bone vasculature. A: Light micrograph showing a thin-walled blood vessel (white arrows) penetrating lamellar cortical bone of adult human phalanx; longitudinal section, image width 1.5 mm. B ...
- Massimo Marenzana, Timothy R. Arnett
- 2013
Such an enormous supply of blood indicates high nutrient demand, associated cellular processes, and the importance of blood vessels in bone and body homeostasis. Blood vessels are not just transport conduits; endothelial cells (ECs), the building units of blood vessel tubules, interact closely with the tissue cells to regulate their physiology and functions ( Ramasamy et al., 2015 ).
Investigating blood vessels during postnatal development led to the identification of a new blood vessel subtype called type H present in actively growing regions of bone. They are named type H as they express high levels of blood vessel markers, endomucin (Emcn) and CD31 (Pecam1) compared to sinusoidal vessels, which express low levels of these markers thereby termed as type L [ 8 , 10 ].
Compact bone is dense so that it can withstand compressive forces, while spongy bone (also called cancellous bone) has open spaces and is supportive, but also lightweight and can be readily remodeled to accommodate changing body needs. Compact Bone. Compact bone is the denser, stronger of the two types of osseous tissue (Figure 6.3.6). It makes ...
- Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Mat...
- 2019
The blood vessel network consists of a hierarchical assembly of endothelial cell (EC)-lined tubes that vary in identity and caliber (Potente and Makinen 2017).To enable the efficient transport of cargo such as gases, nutrients, metabolic products, hormones, and immune cells around the body, ECs form a semipermeable barrier that controls the movement of small and large molecules and actively ...
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Oct 29, 2024 · In a typical long bone, blood is supplied by three separate systems: a nutrient artery, periosteal vessels, and epiphyseal vessels. The diaphysis and metaphysis are nourished primarily by the nutrient artery, which passes through the cortex into the medullary cavity and then ramifies outward through haversian and Volkmann canals to supply the ...
