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SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTIONS. Soils Properties and Processes. 2003. NRE 430/EEB 489. Master Horizons and Layers. The capital letters O, A, E, B, C, and R represent the master horizons and layers of soils. The capital letters are the base symbols to which other characters are added to complete the designation. Old. New.
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soil profile descriptions are basic data in all soil surveys. They provide a major part of the information required for correlation and classification of the soils of an area.
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Break out a handful of soil aggregates and describe structure, including grade, size and shape (p. 6-8, e.g. weak medium granular structure). Determine soil texture following the flow chart on the last page of the field guide. (p. 15, also see pp. 4-5, e.g. sandy loam).
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What is a soil profile? The soil profile is defined as a vertical section of the soil that is exposed by a soil pit or soil sample. A soil pit is a hole that is dug from the surface of the soil to the underlying bedrock. What is a soil horizon?
This simple guide for describing soils helps to identify the most important parts of a soil profile and provide an easy way to understand and explain what you see. It gives you a step-by-step guide of what soil properties to describe and how to describe them, along with the tools to make basic soil classifications.
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A significant number of the terms included in this glossary are words that can be found in a common dictionary, but that have specific unique meanings in the context of soil survey and soil classification. Examples include artifacts, buried soil, artificial drainage, component, correlation, horizon, and normal year.
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What are soil profile descriptions?
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The arrangement of these horizons in a soil is known as a soil profile. Soil scientists, who are also called pedologists, observe and describe soil profiles and soil hori- zons to classify and interpret the soil for various uses.
