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Catalytic cracking is an ionic process involving carbonium ions (hydrocarbon ions having a positive charge on a carbon atom) and are produced by: (1) addition of a proton from an acid catalyst to an olefin, (2) abstraction of a hydride ion (H −) from a hydrocarbon by the acid catalyst or by another carbonium ion. Once the carbonium ions are ...
- Catalytic Cracking
Catalytic cracking is an important process in the oil...
- Catalytic Cracking
Catalytic cracking is an important process in the oil industry where petroleum vapor passes through a low-density bed of catalyst, which causes the heavier fractions to ‘crack’ producing lighter more valuable products. In the petrochemicals industry they are used for producing polyolefins on a very large scale.
Jun 30, 2023 · No headers. This page looks briefly at some of the basic processes in the petrochemical industry (cracking, isomerisation and reforming) as examples of important catalytic reactions. Catalytic cracking. Cracking is the name given to breaking up large hydrocarbon molecules into smaller and more useful bits.
The formation of branched-chain alkanes, or iso-alkanes, leads to the production of gasoline with high octane numbers. This is the fundamental reason why catalytic cracking has replaced thermal cracking as the central process in a refinery geared to maximize gasoline production. A high octane number of gasoline is needed for current spark ...
Catalytic Cracking Processes. Increasing demand for gasoline, along with the need to produce high-octane gasoline for increasingly more powerful spark ignition engines, led to the development and maturation of catalytic cracking processes just before and during World War II. Following the development of a fixed-bed (Houdry process, 1936) and a ...
Petroleum refining - Catalytic Cracking, Fractional Distillation, Hydroprocessing: The use of thermal cracking units to convert gas oils into naphtha dates from before 1920. These units produced small quantities of unstable naphthas and large amounts of by-product coke. While they succeeded in providing a small increase in gasoline yields, it was the commercialization of the fluid catalytic ...
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Dec 11, 2012 · Fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), a type of secondary unit operation, is primarily used in producing additional gasoline in the refining process. Unlike atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation , which are physical separation processes, fluid catalytic cracking is a chemical process that uses a catalyst to create new, smaller molecules from larger molecules to make gasoline and ...
