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This list of crewed Mars mission plans is a listing of concept studies for a crewed mission to Mars during the 20th and 21st centuries. It is limited to studies done with engineering and scientific knowledge about the capabilities of then current technology, typically for high-budget space agencies like NASA. Mission profiles include crewed ...
Mission Directorate (ESDMD) HEOMD-415 Version 1 National Aeronautics and Space Administration JANUARY 24, 2022 REFERENCE SURFACE ACTIVITIES FOR CREWED MARS MISSION SYSTEMS AND UTILIZATION DAA # This document has been reviewed for Proprietary, CUI, and Export Control (ITAR/EAR) and has been determined to be non-sensitive. It has been released
a Look-Ahead Plan in COCPIT to schedule a high-level plan (called a sol path) for the next 3-5 sols. It includes X band and UHF communication passes, which are pre-negotiated opportunities for the mission to send and receive information through the Deep Space Network and the Mars Relay Network
- I. Introduction
- II. Science Information as the Foudation for Concept of Operations Development
- The DOT held an “Educational Forum,” during which SMEs in five fields were asked to brief the team on broad
- III. Mars Mission Science-Driven Concept of Operations
- After acclimation, during the “Local Exploration” phase, the crew begins exploration and mapping of the local
- IV. Science Considerations in a Crewed Mars Surface Science-Driven Mission
- A. Traverses
- B. Sample Acquisition and Handling
- C. In-Situ Sample Analysis
- D. Planetary Protection
- E. Cross-Cutting Themes
- Acknowledgments
Human missions to the surface of Mars, particularly long duration missions, will present novel and challenging science operations. This paper will explore some of those challenges based on science operations considerations as part of more general operational concepts being developed by NASA’s Human Spaceflight Architecture (HAT) Mars Destination O...
An approach was defined to collect and organize science information to serve as the foundation for development of crew science operations within the developing POD ConOPs for a crewed Mars long-stay surface mission. This information collection approach involved a number of tasks and was carried out by DOT members prior to beginning development of t...
topics of importance to the Mars surface mission ConOps in development. The areas briefed by SMEs to the DOT were: Mars surface Extravehicular Activity (EVA) Crew medical issues regarding potential Mars toxicology Crew safety Mars sample handling Planetary Protection operations & considerations number of seminal references were identified as fundam...
In this section, the process by which a ConOps was developed for a Mars crewed long-duration surface mission driven by science requirements is described and some representative examples of crew surface activities devoted to achieving the science objectives are given. The goal of ConOps development was to construct representative operations for a DR...
area, deploys central science stations (e.g., meteorology stations), performs initial atmospheric and climate science investigations, selects the location for and deploys the deep drill, and prepares systems for the upcoming long- distance traverse (e.g., mobility systems). A representative example of crew operations during this “Local Exploration”...
The most significant scientific challenge, and perhaps the most significant operational challenge, during a human Mars mission will be effectively dealing with Mars science samples. Science sample handling requires an integrated approach across a number of areas, such as: (a) traverse planning and execution, (b) sample acquisition and handling, (c)...
The traverses envisioned in this Mars surface operations strategy are ambitious, in part to take advantage of the long duration of humans on the surface; the role of science in those traverses is a key component and driver of traverse planning and execution. Both walking and mobile traverse planning and execution will need to accommodate planetary...
The process of obtaining, handling, and analyzing samples will be an important part of ensuring acceptable science return – including in-situ real-time analyses with advanced miniaturized analytical equipment, potentially in association with shallow and deep drills. A significant challenge for Mars surface science operations with crew is preserving...
Analyzing samples on the surface of Mars could turn out to be an important enabler for science return, including the need to determine which samples should be brought back to earth for more in-depth analysis. Being able to (a) analyze samples at their location with minimized disturbance, (b) analyze samples near a sampling location (e.g., to reduc...
The integration of planetary protection policy and controls into missions to the Moon (largely as practice for future deep space missions) and other celestial bodies such as Mars is an important operational consideration. Meeting planetary protection needs will be a key challenge for Mars surface science strategies, particularly with respect to th...
There are at least 3 important cross-cutting themes that emerge when considering details of long-duration Mars surface science operations: (1) contamination control, (2) low-latency telerobotic science, and (3) crew autonomy. These themes touch almost every aspect of Mars surface science operations and could make an important difference to how sci...
The authors wish to acknowledge the primary members of the HAT DOT who participated in this study: Mr. Larry Toups, NASA JSC (study co-lead with the first author); Dr. Stephen Hoffman, SAIC; Mr. David Reeves, NASA LaRC; Ms. Michelle Rucker, NASA JSC; and Mr. David North, NASA LaRC. The authors also acknowledge the contributions of a number of exper...
- Marianne R. Bobskill, Mark L. Lupisella
- 2014
General Human Mars Mission Concept of Operations 1. Deploy Mars Transit Habitat for testing and validation at or near Gateway – Opportunity to do practice planetary protection processes 2. Pre-deploy surface cargo to Mars before crew departure 3. Crew transit to Mars 4. Rendezvous with crew descent lander in Mars parking orbit 5.
Mar 27, 2024 · NASA publishes an updated Architecture Definition Document each year that explains the latest Moon to Mars Architecture in deep technical detail. The documents reflect the results of the prior years’ strategic analysis cycle and Architecture Concept Review.
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NASA is reimagining the future of Mars exploration, driving new scientific discoveries, and preparing for humans on Mars. NASA’s Mars Exploration Program will focus the next two decades on its science-driven systemic approach on these strategic goals: exploring for potential life, understanding the geology and climate of Mars, and preparation for human exploration.
