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Section drawing
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- A ' section drawing ', ' section ' or ' sectional drawing ' shows a view of a structure as though it had been sliced in half or cut along another imaginary plane.
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- Cutting Plane. A surface cut by the saw in the drawing above is a cutting plane. Actually, it is an imaginary cutting plane taken through the object, since the object is imagined as being cut through at a desired location.
- Cutting Plane Line. A cutting plane is represented on a drawing by a cutting plane line. This is a heavy long-short-short-long kind of line terminated with arrows.
- Section Lining. The lines in the figure above, which look like saw marks, are called section lining. They are found on most sectional views, and indicate the surface which has been exposed by the cutting plane.
- Full Sections. When a cutting plane line passes entirely through an object, the resulting section is called a full section Fig. 7 illustrates a full section.
- Full Sections. A Full section view is where the entire part or assembly is cut on a single plane. The generated section view that is created may form part of the same view as the reference view, permitted the correct projection method (first or third angled projection) is used.
- Half Section. The half section view may be used where a part or assembly is symmetrical about the centerline of the part or assembly. This will save space on the drawing with over population of reference and section views.
- Partial Section. A Partial section is used when only a certain portion of a part or assembly is cut in order to show important detail or geometry. The whole part or assembly is not sectioned as that may minimize the other information show.
- Revolved Section. A revolved section is a section that is made at a certain point in a part and revolved 90° to show the cross section of the part. The part can be broken to show the revolved section or the revolved section can be superimposed on the part itself.
Half section. A half section view means that you are only removing a quarter of an object. This type of view is ordinarily used when the object is symmetrical or if you only need to show a portion of a complex assembly. The photo below of a cupcake shows the progression from the whole object to a half section to a full section.
- Introduction
- Isometric Drawing
- Orthographic Or Multiview Drawing
- Dimensioning
- Sectioning
- Drawing Tools
- "Assembly" Drawings
- Cross-Sectional Views
- Half-Sections
- Sectioning Objects with Holes, Ribs, etc.
One of the best ways to communicate one’s ideas is through some form of picture or drawing. This is especially true for the engineer. The purpose of this guide is to give you the basics of engineering sketching and drawing. We will treat “sketching” and “drawing” as one. “Sketching” generally means freehand drawing. “Drawing” usually means using dr...
The representation of the object in figure 2 is called an isometric drawing. This is one of a family of three-dimensional views called pictorial drawings. In an isometric drawing, the object’s vertical lines are drawn vertically, and the horizontal lines in the width and depth planes are shown at 30 degrees to the horizontal. When drawn under these...
Imagine that you have an object suspended by transparent threads inside a glass box, as in figure 3. Figure 3 - The block suspended in a glass box. Then draw the object on each of three faces as seen from that direction. Unfold the box (figure 4) and you have the three views. We call this an “orthographic” or “multiview” drawing. Figure 4 - The cre...
Figure 7 - An isometric view with dimensions. We have “dimensioned” the object in the isometric drawing in figure 7. As a general guideline to dimensioning, try to think that you would make an object and dimension it in the most useful way. Put in exactly as many dimensions as are necessary for the craftsperson to make it -no more, no less. Do not ...
There are many times when the interior details of an object cannot be seen from the outside (figure 8). Figure 8 - An isometric drawing that does not show all details. We can get around this by pretending to cut the object on a plane and showing the “sectional view”. The sectional view is applicable to objects like engine blocks, where the interior...
To prepare a drawing, one can use manual drafting instruments (figure 12) or computer-aided drafting or design, or CAD. The basic drawing standards and conventions are the same regardless of what design tool you use to make the drawings. In learning drafting, we will approach it from the perspective of manual drafting. If the drawing is made withou...
An isometric view of an “assembled” pillow-block bearing system is shown in figure 13. It corresponds closely to what you actually see when viewing the object from a particular angle. We cannot tell what the inside of the part looks like from this view. We can also show isometric views of the pillow-block being taken apart or “disassembled” (figure...
A cross-sectional view portrays a cut-away portion of the object and is another way to show hidden components in a device. Imagine a plane that cuts vertically through the center of the pillow block as shown in figure 15. Then imagine removing the material from the front of this plane, as shown in figure 16. Figure 15 - Pillow Block. Figure 16 - Pi...
A half-section is a view of an object showing one-half of the view in section, as in figure 19 and 20. Figure 19 - Full and sectioned isometric views. Figure 20 - Front view and half section. The diagonal lines on the section drawing are used to indicate the area that has been theoretically cut. These lines are called section lining or cross-hatchi...
The cross-section on the right of figure 22 is technically correct. However, the convention in a drawing is to show the view on the left as the preferred method for sectioning this type of object. Figure 22 - Cross section.
A half section is one-half of a full section. While a full section shows the object as if half has been cut away, a half section shows one-quarter cut away. Imagine that two cutting planes at right angles to each other slice through the object as shown in Figure 8-11A through Figure 8-11C. Figure 8-11D shows the object’s exterior (not in ...
In engineering drawings, the types of sectional views include full section, half section, offset section, broken-out section, revolving section, removed section, aligned section, and local or detail section.
Although different types of sections can be used in the preparation of drawings, they all have one common identifier: cross-hatched faces (indicating that the “interior” of a part has been exposed). Other examples of sections: Figure 3.3.2: Sectioning Process Figure 3.3.3: Half Section Figure 3.3.4: Cutting Plane for Half Section 73
