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Ortstein horizon: This strongly cemented Bhc, Bhfc or Bfc horizon is at least 3 cm thick and occurs in more than one-third of the exposed face of the pedon. Ortstein horizons are generally reddish brown to very dark reddish brown. Permafrost: Permanently frozen (i.e., soil temperatures less than 0 °C) ground.
- Horizons
The assignment of mineral soil layers to each horizon is...
- Brunisolic
The main horizon associated with the Brunisolic order is the...
- Soil Formation
Soil formation (also termed soil genesis or pedogenesis) is...
- Organic
This O horizon consists largely of fibric materials that are...
- Horizons
Ortstein horizons are generally reddish brown to very dark reddish brown. Placic horizon - This horizon is a thin layer (commonly 5 mm or less in thickness) or a series of thin layers that are irregular or involuted, hard, impervious, often vitreous, and dark reddish brown to black. Placic horizons may be cemented by Fe, Al-organic complexes ...
An ortstein horizon is a Bh, Bhf, or Bf horizon that is strongly cemented and occurs in at least one-third of the lateral extent of the pedon. The ortstein horizon is designated as Bhc, Bhfc, or Bfc depending upon its organic C and extractable Fe content. Ortstein horizons are generally reddish brown to very dark reddish brown in color.
Jan 1, 2014 · Properties: Ortstein is 25 mm or more thick and 50% or more (by volume) cemented (Soil Survey Staff, 1999). As a rule, the horizon has sandy grain-size distribution. Compared to the adjacent non-cemented horizons, ortstein usually has a higher bulk density (Lambert and Hole, 1971; Wang et al., 1978). It is also stronger; the penetration ...
- Jacek Chodorowski
- jchodor@poczta.umcs.lublin.pl
Jan 1, 2014 · The ortstein horizon limits but does not preclude rooting; a few fine roots were reported in ortstein horizons of 11 pedons that were ≥50 % cemented. Ortstein and placic horizons are extracted with Na pyrophosphate for Fe p and Al p , acid NH 4 oxalate by Fe o and Al o , and Na citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate for Fe d and Al d to determine the nature of the cementing agents.
- James G. Bockheim
- 2014
May 1, 2011 · Ortstein horizons are relatively common in the USA, but placic horizons are less common. Soils bearing ortstein and placic horizons are used for cranberry and blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) culture, truck crops, and forestry operations but have many limitations for other kinds of land use. The factors influencing the distribution and formation of ...
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2010a). In ST, ortstein is both a diagnostic subsurface horizon and the only rup-ture-resistance class recognized in the system. In contrast, a placic horizon does not require spodic materials and ranges between 1 and 25 mm in thickness. Unlike the ortstein horizon, the placic horizon is not penetrated by roots except in fractures.
