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Ortstein horizon: This strongly cemented Bhc, Bhfc or Bfc horizon is at least 3 cm thick and occurs in more than one-third of the exposed face of the pedon. Ortstein horizons are generally reddish brown to very dark reddish brown. Permafrost: Permanently frozen (i.e., soil temperatures less than 0 °C) ground.
- Horizons
The assignment of mineral soil layers to each horizon is...
- Brunisolic
The main horizon associated with the Brunisolic order is the...
- Soil Formation
Soil formation (also termed soil genesis or pedogenesis) is...
- Organic
This O horizon consists largely of fibric materials that are...
- Horizons
Common horizon sequence: LFH or O, Ae, Bhf, Bhfc or Bfc, BC, C . These soils have the general properties specified for the Podzolic order and the Ferro-Humic Podzol great group. They differ from Orthic Ferro-Humic Podzols by having an ortstein horizon at least 3 cm thick. An ortstein horizon is a Bh, Bhf, or Bf horizon that is strongly cemented ...
An ortstein horizon in this subgroup is a Bhf or Bf horizon that is strongly cemented and occurs in at least one-third of the lateral extent of the pedon. Ortstein horizons are generally reddish brown to very dark reddish brown in color. Usually Ortstein Humo-Ferric Podzols have L, F, and H or O horizons and an Ae horizon. They may have faint ...
Hydric layers in organic soils are a kind of W layer as is segregated ice formation in Cryosolic soils. b. A buried soil horizon. c. A cemented (irreversible) pedogenic horizon. Ortstein, placic, and duric horizons of Podzolic soils, and a layer cemented by CaCO3 are examples. ca.
Ortstein subgroup Soils of this subgroup have an Orstein horizon (Bhc, Bfc) at least 3 cm thick. Placic subgroup These soils have a Placic (Bhfc, Bfc) horizon that can be either a single layer or multiple layers of thin (commonly < 5 mm) layers that are hard, impervious, and dark reddish brown to black and which may form a braided pattern as they join together and break apart into separate layers.
The great groups were subdivided into subgroups designated by placing the following adjectives before the great group names: Orthic (central concept), Ortstein (cemented B horizon), Placic (thin ironpan), Duric (cemented subsoil), Fragic (fragipan horizon), Luvisolic (horizon of clay accumulation), Sombric (thick organomineral surface horizon) and Gleyed (presence of redox features).
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Jan 1, 2014 · Properties: Ortstein is 25 mm or more thick and 50% or more (by volume) cemented (Soil Survey Staff, 1999). As a rule, the horizon has sandy grain-size distribution. Compared to the adjacent non-cemented horizons, ortstein usually has a higher bulk density (Lambert and Hole, 1971; Wang et al., 1978). It is also stronger; the penetration ...
