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1. soilsofcanada.ca › glossaryGlossary - Soils of Canada

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   Ortstein horizon: This strongly cemented Bhc, Bhfc or Bfc horizon is at least 3 cm thick and occurs in more than one-third of the exposed face of the pedon. Ortstein horizons are generally reddish brown to very dark reddish brown. Permafrost: Permanently frozen (i.e., soil temperatures less than 0 °C) ground.

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2. sis.agr.gc.ca › cansis › taxaCanadian System of Soil Classification, 3rd edition

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   Common horizon sequence: LFH or O, Ae, Bhf, Bhfc or Bfc, BC, C . These soils have the general properties specified for the Podzolic order and the Ferro-Humic Podzol great group. They differ from Orthic Ferro-Humic Podzols by having an ortstein horizon at least 3 cm thick. An ortstein horizon is a Bh, Bhf, or Bf horizon that is strongly cemented ...

3. sis.agr.gc.ca › cansis › taxaCanadian System of Soil Classification, 3rd edition

   sis.agr.gc.ca › cansis › taxa

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   An ortstein horizon in this subgroup is a Bhf or Bf horizon that is strongly cemented and occurs in at least one-third of the lateral extent of the pedon. Ortstein horizons are generally reddish brown to very dark reddish brown in color. Usually Ortstein Humo-Ferric Podzols have L, F, and H or O horizons and an Ae horizon. They may have faint ...

4. soilsofcanada.ca › orders › podzolicPodzolic - Soils of Canada

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   Ortstein subgroup Soils of this subgroup have an Orstein horizon (Bhc, Bfc) at least 3 cm thick. Placic subgroup These soils have a Placic (Bhfc, Bfc) horizon that can be either a single layer or multiple layers of thin (commonly < 5 mm) layers that are hard, impervious, and dark reddish brown to black and which may form a braided pattern as they join together and break apart into separate layers.

5. bioone.org › journals › canadian-journal-of-soilPodzolic soils of Canada: Genesis, distribution, and ... - BioOne

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   The great groups were subdivided into subgroups designated by placing the following adjectives before the great group names: Orthic (central concept), Ortstein (cemented B horizon), Placic (thin ironpan), Duric (cemented subsoil), Fragic (fragipan horizon), Luvisolic (horizon of clay accumulation), Sombric (thick organomineral surface horizon) and Gleyed (presence of redox features).

   • Author: Paul Sanborn, Luc Lamontagne, William Hendershot

   • Publish Year: 2011

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6. link.springer.com › referenceworkentry › 10Ortstein, Physical Properties | SpringerLink

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   Jan 1, 2014 · A huge accumulation of the complexes leads to the formation of coherent aggregates, and even of continuous, highly cemented layers referred to as ortstein. Properties: Ortstein is 25 mm or more thick and 50% or more (by volume) cemented (Soil Survey Staff, 1999). As a rule, the horizon has sandy grain-size distribution.

7. People also ask

   What is an Ortstein horizon?

   • An ortstein horizon is a Bh, Bhf, or Bf horizon that is strongly cemented and occurs in at least one-third of the lateral extent of the pedon. The ortstein horizon in this subgroup is designated as Bhfc or Bfc depending upon its organic C content and is generally reddish brown to very dark reddish brown in color.

   Ferro-Humic Podzol (FHP) - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

   sis.agr.gc.ca/cansis/taxa/cssc3/PZ/FHP/index.html

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   What horizons does the orthic subgroup have?

   • Orthic subgroup Soils of the Orthic subgroup do not have any of the horizons discussed below in addition to the Podzolic B horizon. Ortstein subgroup Soils of this subgroup have an Orstein horizon (Bhc, Bfc) at least 3 cm thick.

   Podzolic - Soils of Canada

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   What color is an Ortstein horizon?

   • The ortstein horizon in this subgroup is designated as Bhfc or Bfc depending upon its organic C content and is generally reddish brown to very dark reddish brown in color. Usually Ortstein Ferro-Humic Podzols have L, F, and H or O horizons and an Ae horizon.

   Ferro-Humic Podzol (FHP) - Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada

   sis.agr.gc.ca/cansis/taxa/cssc3/PZ/FHP/index.html

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   Does Ortstein form a continuous horizon?

   • The distance between columns or chunks of ortstein varied from 10 cm to as much as 150 cm. In that the extent of cementation varied from <5 % to 100 %, it is possible that these chunks eventually coalesce to form a continuous ortstein horizon. Most of the soils examined in this study occur on relatively young landforms, ca. <200 ky.

   Ortstein and Placic Horizons - SpringerLink

   link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-06668-4_18

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   What is the difference between Ortstein horizon and permafrost?

   • Ortstein horizon: This strongly cemented Bhc, Bhfc or Bfc horizon is at least 3 cm thick and occurs in more than one-third of the exposed face of the pedon. Ortstein horizons are generally reddish brown to very dark reddish brown. Permafrost: Permanently frozen (i.e., soil temperatures less than 0 °C) ground.

   Glossary - Soils of Canada

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   What are Ortstein and placic Horizons used for?

   • Soils bearing ortstein and placic horizons are used for cranberry and blueberry culture, truck crops, and forestry operations but have many limitations for other kinds of land use. The factors influencing the distribution and formation of these cemented horizons are poorly understood.

   Ortstein and Placic Horizons - SpringerLink

   link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-06668-4_18

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8. link.springer.com › chapter › 10Ortstein and Placic Horizons - SpringerLink

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   Jan 1, 2014 · The ortstein horizon limits but does not preclude rooting; a few fine roots were reported in ortstein horizons of 11 pedons that were ≥50 % cemented. Ortstein and placic horizons are extracted with Na pyrophosphate for Fe p and Al p , acid NH 4 oxalate by Fe o and Al o , and Na citrate-dithionite-bicarbonate for Fe d and Al d to determine the nature of the cementing agents.