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Jun 2, 2022 · The term “bibliography” is a catch-all for any list of sources cited at the end of an academic work. Certain style guides use different terminology to refer to bibliographies. For example, MLA format refers to a paper’s bibliography as its Works Cited page. APA refers to it as the References page.
- Types of Citation: parenthetical, Note, Numerical
- Which Citation Style Should I use?
- Parenthetical Citation Styles
- Numerical Citation Styles
- Note Citation Styles
The clearest identifying characteristic of any citation style is how the citations in the text are presented. There are three main approaches: 1. Parenthetical citations: You include identifying details of the source in parentheses in the text—usually the author’s last name and the publication date, plus a page number if relevant (author-date). Som...
In most cases, your university, department, or instructor will tell you which citation style you need to follow in your writing. If you’re not sure, it’s best to consult your institution’s guidelines or ask someone. If you’re submitting to a journal, they will usually require a specific style. Sometimes, the choice of citation style may be left up ...
AAA
The American Anthropological Association (AAA) recommends citing your sources using Chicago author-date style. AAA style doesn’t have its own separate rules. This style is used in the field of anthropology.
APA
APA Style is defined by the 7th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. It was designed for use in psychology, but today it’s widely used across various disciplines, especially in the social sciences.
APSA
The citation style of the American Political Science Association (APSA) is used mainly in the field of political science.
ACS
The American Chemical Society (ACS) provides guidelines for a citation style using numbers in superscript or italics in the text, corresponding to entries in a numbered reference list at the end. It is used in chemistry.
AMA
The American Medical Association (AMA) provides guidelines for a numerical citation style using superscript numbers in the text, which correspond to entries in a numbered reference list. It is used in the field of medicine.
CSE citation-name or citation-sequence
CSE style includes multiple options for citing your sources, including the citation-name and citation-sequence systems. Your references are listed alphabetically in the citation-name system; in the citation-sequence system, they appear in the order in which you cited them.
Bluebook
The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citationis the main style guide for legal citations in the US. It’s widely used in law, and also when legal materials need to be cited in other disciplines.
Chicago notes and bibliography
Chicago notes and bibliography is one of the two citation styles presented in the Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition). It’s used mainly in the humanities.
OSCOLA
The Oxford University Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) is the main legal citation style in the UK (similar to Bluebook for the US).
Bibliography Entry for a Web Site. For sources such as Web sites include the information a reader needs to find the source or to know where and when you found it. Always begin with the last name of the author, broadcaster, person you interviewed, and so on. Here is an example of a bibliography for a Web site: Format: Author.“Document Title ...
Jun 7, 2024 · Title your bibliography section “References” and center the title on the top line of the page. Do not center your references; they should be left-aligned. For longer items, subsequent lines should use a hanging indent of 1/2 inch. Include all types of resources in the same list.
Aug 2, 2024 · Include the edition number if it is not the first edition. Follow this with the place of publication, the name of the publisher, and the year of publication. For example, a proper citation in MLA format would look like this: Smith, John. Understanding Bibliographies. 2nd ed., Oxford University Press, 2020.
Jul 23, 2024 · 1. General Rules. Consistency: Use the same citation style throughout your bibliography. Alphabetical Order: List entries alphabetically by the author’s last name. Multiple Works by the Same Author: Arrange multiple works by the same author in chronological order, starting with the oldest.
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Jul 13, 2021 · MLA provides guidelines for writing and formatting your annotated bibliography. An example of a typical annotation is shown below. Kenny, Anthony. A New History of Western Philosophy: In Four Parts. Oxford UP, 2010. Broad history of Western philosophy from the ancient Greeks to the present day. Divided into four periods—ancient, medieval ...
