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Ethics are state laws guiding behavior, and morals are social laws. c. Ethics help a person define what is right and wrong, and morals are legal standards. d. Ethics set what a person ought to do, and morals set what a person ought not do.
- Moral Rights Flashcards
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- Moral Rights Flashcards
Morals consider in a broad, general manner what is good or bad, right or wrong (e.g., "In general, it is wrong to steal"). Ethics answers the question, "What should I do in a given situation?" (e.g., "Is it wrong to steal if you have to do it to feed your children?").
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- How Morals Are Established
- Morals That Transcend Time and Culture
- Examples of Morals
- Morality vs. Ethics
- Morality and Laws
- A Word From Verywell
Morality isn’t fixed. What’s considered acceptable in your culture might not be acceptable in another culture. Geographical regions, religion, family, and life experiences all influence morals.
Scholars don’t agree on exactly how morals are developed. However, there are several theories that have gained attention over the years:
•Freud’s morality and the superego: Sigmund Freud suggested moral development occurred as a person’s ability to set aside their selfish needs were replaced by the values of important socializing agents (such as a person’s parents).
•Piaget’s theory of moral development: Jean Piaget focused on the social-cognitive and social-emotional perspective of development. Piaget theorized that moral development unfolds over time, in certain stages as children learn to adopt certain moral behaviors for their own sake—rather than just abide by moral codes because they don’t want to get into trouble.
•B.F. Skinner’s behavioral theory: B.F. Skinner focused on the power of external forces that shaped an individual’s development. For example, a child who receives praise for being kind may treat someone with kindness again out of a desire to receive more positive attention in the future.
•Kohlberg’s moral reasoning: Lawrence Kohlberg proposed six stages of moral development that went beyond Piaget’s theory. Through a series of questions, Kohlberg proposed that an adult’s stage of reasoning could be identified.
Most morals aren’t fixed. They usually shift and change over time.
Ideas about whether certain behaviors are moral—such as engaging in pre-marital sex, entering into same-sex relationships, and using cannabis—have shifted over time. While the bulk of the population once viewed these behaviors as “wrong,” the vast majority of the population now finds these activities to be “acceptable.”
The following are common morality examples that you may have been taught growing up, and may have even passed on to younger generations:
•Be polite
•Have empathy
•Don't steal
•Tell the truth
•Treat others as you want to be treated
Some scholars don’t distinguish between morals and ethics. Both have to do with “right and wrong.”
However, some people believe morality is personal while ethics refer to the standards of a community.
Both laws and morals are meant to regulate behavior in a community to allow people to live in harmony. Both have firm foundations in the concept that everyone should have autonomy and show respect to one another.
Legal thinkers interpret the relationship between laws and morality differently. Some argue that laws and morality are independent. This means that laws can’t be disregarded simply because they’re morally indefensible.
Others believe law and morality are interdependent. These thinkers believe that laws that claim to regulate behavioral expectations must be in harmony with moral norms. Therefore, all laws must secure the welfare of the individual and be in place for the good of the community.
Something like adultery may be considered immoral by some, but it’s legal in most states. Additionally, it’s illegal to drive slightly over the speed limit but it isn’t necessarily considered immoral to do so.
It can be helpful to spend some time thinking about the morals that guide your decisions about things like friendship, money, education, and family. Understanding what’s really important to you can help you understand yourself better and it may make decision making easier.
5 Sources
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1.Merriam-Webster.A Lesson on 'Unmoral', 'Immoral', 'Nonmoral', and 'Amoral'
Merriam-Webster. A lesson on 'unmoral,' 'immoral,' 'nonmoral,' and 'amoral.'
2.Ellemers N, van der Toorn J, Paunov Y, van Leeuwen T. The psychology of morality: A review and analysis of empirical studies published from 1940 through 2017. Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2019;23(4):332-366. doi:10.1177/1088868318811759
Feb 13, 2024 · Values are the basic beliefs that guide the actions of individuals, while norms are the expectations that society has for people’s behavior. In other words, values tell individuals what is right or wrong, while norms tell individuals what is acceptable or not.
Nov 17, 2024 · Ethics, the philosophical discipline concerned with what is morally good and bad and morally right and wrong. Its subject consists of fundamental issues of practical decision making, and its major concerns include the nature of ultimate value and the standards by which human actions can be morally evaluated.
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Oct 8, 2024 · Moral virtue, in ethics, those qualities or states of character that find expression in morally good actions and morally good purposes or intentions. Moral virtues are persistent patterns of behaviour and thought rather than transient emotions, aspects of intelligence, or physical characteristics.
