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      • A breach is distinguished from a violation; the former reflects a cognitive assessment that identifies the failure, while a violation reflects the affective and emotional state that results from a breach.
      www.qic-wd.org/umbrella-summary/psychological-contract-breach
  1. This study describes the available empirical research on psychological contract breaches and fulfillment and summarizes the meta-analytical evidence on their relationships with attitudinal and behavioral outcomes, as well as the role of potential moderator variables.

    • What Is Psychological Contract Breach?
    • Why Is Psychological Contract Breach Important?
    • How Can Psychological Contract Breach Be Reduced?
    • Qic-Wd Takeaways
    • References
    • Suggested Citation

    A psychological contract is defined as “individual beliefs, shaped by the organization, regarding terms of an exchange agreement between individuals and their organization” (Rousseau, 1995, p. 9, as cited in Zhao, Wayne, Glibkowski, & Bravo, 2007, p. 649). Psychological contracts do not necessarily involve legal contracts; they reflect promissory e...

    Psychological contract breach is important because it is associated with affective reactions, work attitudes, and employee effectiveness. It has strong, positive associations with affective reactions such as psychological contract violation and mistrust toward management (Zhao et al., 2007). Psychological contract breach has a strong negative assoc...

    Although there are associations between psychological contract breach and many outcomes, the research to date is correlational; thus, no conclusions about causation can be made. We have much to learn about how psychological contract breach works in tandem with other personal and professional dynamics, such as which comes first—one’s perceptions of ...

    Psychological contract breach has strong, positive associations with affective reactions such as psychological contract violation and mistrust toward management.
    Psychological contract breach has a strong negative association with job satisfaction, a moderate negative association with organizational commitment, and a moderate positive association with inten...
    With respect to more tangible work behaviors, such as organizational citizenship and in role performance, psychological contract breach has modest negative correlations.
    Affect, in turn, mediates breach’s relationship with work attitudes and individual effectiveness.

    Organ, D. W. (1988). Organizational citizenship behavior: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington, MA: Lexington Books. Robinson, S. L., Kraatz, M. S., & Rousseau, D. M. (1996). Changing obligations and the psychological contract: A longitudinal study. Academy of Management Journal, 37, 137–152. Rousseau, D. M. (1990). New hire perception of their own...

    Hollinshead, D., & Paul, M. (2020, September 10). Umbrella summary: Psychological contract breach. Quality Improvement Center for Workforce Development. https://www.qic-wd.org/umbrella/psychological-contract-breach For general information about Umbrella Summaries, visit https://www.qic-wd.org/umbrella-summaries-faq Return to list of Umbrella Summar...

  2. On the other hand, when the psychological contract is violated or broken by either party, feelings of betrayal, resentment, and disengagement can occur, negatively impacting productivity and morale. A strong psychological contract can help retain employees as they commit to the organization and feel they belong. Types of psychological contracts

  3. What is a psychological contract? The term psychological contract refers to the often unspoken set of expectations and assumptions that two parties (employees and the organisation, its leaders and managers) have of each other about things like how they will behave and act.

  4. Aug 8, 2012 · The psychological contract breach has more to do with cognition, whereas psychological contract violation is more closely associated with feelings that develop after a psychological contract breach.

    • Gretchen L. Peirce, Shane P. Desselle, JoLaine R. Draugalis, Alan R. Spies, Tamra S. Davis, Mark Bol...
    • 10.5688/ajpe766108
    • 2012
    • Am J Pharm Educ. 2012 Aug 10; 76(6): 108.
  5. We tailor this retrospective look by reviewing the antecedents and outcomes associated with psychological contract breach and discussing the dominant theoretical explanations for the breach-outcome relationship.

  6. Nov 23, 2022 · A psychological contract is a set of individual beliefs that a person has about the reciprocal obligations and benefits established in an exchange relationship, such as an employment relationship in an organizational setting. A psychological contract breach is a subjective experience referred to the ….

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