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The state of a system is a complete description of a system at a given time, including its temperature and pressure, the amount of matter it contains, its chemical composition, and the physical state of the matter. A state function is a property of a system whose magnitude depends on only the present state of the system, not its previous ...
- The First Law of Thermodynamics
An example is the combustion of coal to produce electricity....
- 1.1: The System and the Surroundings
Another example is molar volume (\(V_m\)) which is the ratio...
- The First Law of Thermodynamics
Jan 16, 2023 · Another example is molar volume (\(V_m\)) which is the ratio of volume and number of moles of substance. For a given substance, the molar volume is inversely proportional to the density of the substance. In a homogeneous system, an intensive variable will describe not just the system as a whole, but also any subset of that system.
Apr 13, 2022 · 2.1: The System, Surroundings, and Boundary. Chemists are interested in systems containing matter—that which has mass and occupies physical space. Classical thermodynamics looks at macroscopic aspects of matter. It deals with the properties of aggregates of vast numbers of microscopic particles (molecules, atoms, and ions).
A system, as it is defined in physics or chemistry, is nothing more than a collection of objects (or smaller systems) that can be identified. Usually, the word "system" refers to a collection that makes thinking about a problem more convenient. The surrounding is everything else that is not the system defined. For example, if the system being ...
The System and the Surroundings in Chemistry. The system is the part of the universe we wish to focus our attention on. In the world of chemistry, the system is the chemical reaction. For example: 2H 2 + O 2---> 2H 2 O The system consists of those molecules which are reacting. The surroundings are everything else; the rest of the universe. For ...
For example, if we are studying an aqueous chemical reaction, the reaction (the reactants and products) is the system and the surroundings is the solution, the reaction vessel, and everything else beyond. A system can be described as open, closed, or isolated. In an open system, both matter and energy can be exchanged with the surroundings. An ...
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Nov 26, 2018 · Equilibrium between System and Surroundings. – If the state of the system shows no tendency to change, we say that the system is at equilibrium with the surroundings. – The equilibrium condition is a fundamental consideration of thermodynamics. – Although not all systems are at equilibrium, we almost always use equilibrium as a reference ...
