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The America. The first American-built tank was called the “America”. It was steam-driven, weighed 45 tons, carried a crew of 8, and cost $60,000. It was propelled by two engines and boilers of railroad cars and used kerosene for fuel. It was meant to be a flamethrower tank to attack pillboxes.
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Tanks were first used successfully in battle by the Allies in the fall of 1917 to break through the enemy's defenses, in particular barbed wire entanglement. Although slow-moving, the tank was able to roll across a trench and climb obstacles. Mr. MacLeod describes the effectiveness of newer tracked tanks in the Amiens offensive.
Oct 6, 2017 · The 6 Pounder gun. The 6 pounder had been in use with the Navy since the 1880s and the tank’s designers adopted it because it was small enough to fit in the vehicle, but still offered a good level of firepower. The gun was of 57mm calibre and fired a shell weighing 6 pounds (2.72kg). It could be aimed using a x2 telescope or simple open sights.
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All nations used more than one type of firearm during the First World War. The rifles most commonly used by the major combatants were, among the Allies, the Lee-Enfield .303 (Britain and Commonwealth), Lebel and Berthier 8mm(France), Mannlicher–Carcano M1891, 6.5mm (Italy), Mosin–Nagant M1891 7.62 (Russia), and Springfield 1903 .30–06 (USA). The Ce...
Most machine guns of World War 1 were based on Hiram Maxim’s1884 design. They had a sustained fire of 450–600 rounds per minute, allowing defenders to cut down attacking waves of enemy troops like a scythe cutting wheat. There was some speculation that the machine gun would completely replace the rifle. Contrary to popular belief, machine guns were...
Reports of infantry using some sort of flame-throwing device can be found as far back as ancient China. During America’s Civil War some Southern newspapers claimed Abraham Lincoln had observed a test of such a weapon. But the first recorded use of hand-held flamethrowers in combat was on February 26, 1915, when the Germans deployed the weapon at Ma...
Mortars of World War I were far advanced beyond their earlier counterparts. The British introduced the Stokes mortar design in 1915, which had no moving parts and could fire up to 22 three-inch shells per minute, with a range of 1,200 yards. The Germans developed a mortar (minenwerfer, or “mine thrower”) that had a 10-inch barrel and fired shells l...
The 20th century’s most significant leap in traditional weapons technology was the increased lethality of artillery due to improvements in gun design, range and ammunition‚—a fact that was all too clear in the Great War, when artillery killed more people than any other weapon did. Some giant guns could hurl projectiles so far that crews had to take...
On April 22, 1915, German artillery fired cylinders containing chlorine gas in the Ypres area, the beginning of gas attacks in the First World War. Other nations raced to create their own battlefield gases, and both sides found ways to increase the severity and duration of the gases they fired on enemy troop concentrations. Chlorine gasattacked the...
Ideas for “land battleships” go back at least as far as the Medieval Era; plans for one are included among the drawings of Leonardo da Vinci. The long-sought weapon became reality during the First World War. “Tank” was the name the British used as they secretly developed the weapon, and it stuck, even though the French simultaneously developed the ...
The air war of World War I continues to fascinate as much as it did at the time. This amazing new technology proved far more useful than most military and political leaders anticipated. Initially used only for reconnaissance, before long planes were armed with machine guns. Once Anthony Fokker developed a method to synchronize a machine gun’s fire ...
Britain, France, Russia and the United States of America had all developed submarine forces before Germany began development of its Unterzeeboats (Undersea boats, or U-boats)in 1906, but during World War I submarines came to be particularly associated with the Imperial German Navy, which used them to try to bridge the gap in naval strength it suffe...
Tanks are armored vehicles designed to combine the military factors of fire, maneuver and protection. Although the concept of armored vehicles preceded the Great War, the tank was specifically developed to overcome the stalemate of trench warfare on the Western Front that followed the First Battle of Ypres (19 October-22 November 1914).
Had the war continued into 1919, the Allies planned to launch a massive armada of several thousand tanks to breach the enemy lines. The tank was not decisive during the war, but it added an important weapon to the Allied arsenal, especially when used in a combined-arms role with artillery, infantry, machine-guns, mortars, and tactical air power.
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Historical Research Journal. $7.00. The invention of the tank revolutionized warfare during World War One, forever changing the way battles were fought. For the first time, soldiers had access to armored vehicles that could traverse difficult terrain and withstand enemy fire. Tanks were the ultimate weapon on the battlefield, capable of ...
