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A topographic map is a detailed and accurate illustration of man-made and natural features on the ground such as roads, railways, power transmission lines, contours, elevations, rivers, lakes and geographical names. The topographic map is a two-dimensional representation of the Earth’s three-dimensional landscape.
- Topographic Maps
Topographic maps produced by NRCan conform to the National...
- Topographic Maps
Feb 10, 2021 · Topographic maps produced by NRCan conform to the National Topographic System (NTS) of Canada. They are available in two standard scales: 1:50 000 and 1:250 000. Each map in this system has a unique number, which is a combination of numbers and letters. The area covered by a given mapsheet is determined by its location in Canada.
Showing direction on a topographic map, as on any map, is by using north as the main reference point. On a topographic map the grid system determines that north is at the top of the map. To give the direction of one place from another, use the compass points. The major points, North, South, East and West, are known as cardinal points. All other ...
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For example: to determine the bearing from A to B in Fig.3.2,draw a line from A to B and a little beyond so that it will cut the edge of the protractor. Place the protractor at A with 0o pointing north and then reading the angle from the edge of the protractor. The bearing from A to B is 970. Topographic Maps. Exercise.
- India and Adjacent Countries Series: Topographical
- Some basic features of contour lines are
- Drawing of Contours and Their Cross Sections
- Types of slope
- Types of Landform
- VALLEY
- IDENTIFICATION OF CULTURAL FEATURES FROM TOPOGRAPHICAL SHEETS
- Distribution Of Settlements
- Transport And Communication Pattern
- INTERPRETATION OF TOPOGRAPHICAL MAPS
- MAP INTERPRETATION PROCEDURE
- EXERCISE
- Exercise A
Map series, i.e. symbols employ the of maps at country. of India Mapping etc. bodies, natural maps, are tool. the purpose in Chapter 1 functions. You also important water networks, National Survey entire signs, International confined Series topographical
° A contour line is drawn to show places of equal heights. ° Contour lines and their shapes represent the height and slope or gradient of the landform. ° Closely spaced contours represent steep slopes while widely spaced contours represent gentle slope. ° When two or more contour lines merge with each other, they represent features of vertical slo...
We know that all the topographical features show varying degrees of slopes. For example, a flat plain exhibits gentler slopes and the cliffs and gorges are associated with the steep slopes. Similarly, valleys and mountain ranges are also characterised by the varying degree of slopes, i.e. steep to gentle. Hence, the spacing of contours is significa...
The slopes can broadly be classified into gentle, steep, concave, convex and irregular or undulating. The contours of different types of slopes show a distinct spacing pattern. Gentle Slope When the degree or angle of slope of a feature is very low, the slope will be gentle. The contours representing this type of slope are far apart. Gentle Slope ...
Conical Hill It rises almost uniformly from the surrounding land. A conical hill with uniform slope and narrow top is represented by concentric contours spaced almost at regular intervals. Plateau A widely stretched flat–topped high land, with relatively steeper slopes, rising above the adjoining plain or sea is called a plateau. The contour lines ...
A geomorphic feature lying between two hills or ridges and formed as a result of the lateral erosion by a river or a glacier is called a valley. ‘V’-shaped Valley It resembles the letter V. A V-shaped valley occurs in mountainous areas. The lowermost part of the V–shaped valley is shown by the innermost contour line with very small gap between its ...
Settlements, buildings, roads and railways are important cultural features shown on topographical sheets through conventional signs, symbols and colours. The location and pattern of distribution of different features help in understanding the area shown on the map.
It can be seen in the map through its site, location pattern, alignment and density. The nature and causes of various settlement patterns may be clearly understood by comparing the settlement map with the contour map. Four types of rural settlements may be identified on the map Compact Scattered Linear Circular Similarly, urban centres may also be ...
Relief, population, size and resource development pattern of an area directly influence the means of transport and communication and their density. These are depicted through conventional signs and symbols. Means of transport and communication provide useful information about the area shown on the map.
Knowledge of map language and sense of direction are essential in reading and interpreting topo-sheets .You must first look for the northline and the scale of the map and orient yourself accordingly. You must have a thorough knowledge of the legends / key given in the map depicting various features. All topo-sheets contain a table showing conventio...
Map interpretation involves the study of factors that explain the causal relationship among several features shown on the map. For example, the distribution of natural vegetation and cultivated land can be better understood against the background of landform and drainage. Likewise, the distribution of settlements can be examined in association with...
Answer the following questions in about 30 words: What are topographical maps? Name the organisation which prepares the topographical maps of India. Which are the commonly used scales for mapping our country used by the Survey of India? What are contours? What does the spacing of contours indicate? What are conventional signs? Write short notes on—...
Study the contour pattern and answer the following questions. Name the geographical feature formed by contours. Find out the contour interval in the map. Find out the map distance between E and F and convert it into ground distance. Name the type of slope between A and B; C and D and E and F. Find out the direction of E, D and F from G.
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Overview. Make a Topographic Map shows topographic information, such as roads, trails, lakes, rivers, wooded areas, wetlands and provincial parks, as well as municipal and township boundaries. Users can zoom in and out, find places and turn satellite imagery on or off. Create a custom map of any part of Ontario, add text or polygons, and print ...
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A GeoPDF is a georeferenced PDF file, meaning that it is a Portable Document Format (PDF) file with added information that relates the image to coordinates on a map. GeoPDF files can be used as plain PDF files but have the added capability of some limited mapping functions (turn any map layers on and off, obtain XY coordinates for a location, measure length, and more).
