Search results
The central principle to today's psychology is that: a. How we develop is determined only by our biology. b. nature dominates nurture. c. everything psychological is simultaneously biological. d. nature and nurture d not interact.
1 day ago · cognitive psychology focuses on studying _____. a. genetics and the effect of genetics on behavior b. sensation and the effect of culture on perception c. the effect of gender, race, and class on behavior d. thoughts and their relationship to our experiences and our actions
Which of the following subfields in psychology is correctly matched with an example? A) developmental— exploring how drug use rates differ by country B) personality— testing how drug use rates differ across the life span C) social— examining how friend groups influence each other's drug use.
- The Central Executive
- The Phonological Loop
- The Visuospatial Sketchpad
- The Episodic Buffer
- Critical Evaluation
- References
The central executive is the most important component of the model, although little is known about how it functions. It is responsible for monitoring and coordinating the operation of the slave systems (i.e., visuospatial sketchpad and phonological loop) and relates them to long-termmemory(LTM). The central executive decides which information is at...
The phonological loop is the part of working memory that deals with spoken and written material. It consists of two parts (see Figure 3). The phonological store(linked to speech perception) acts as an inner ear and holds information in a speech-based form (i.e., spoken words) for 1-2 seconds. Spoken words enter the store directly. Written words mus...
The visuospatial sketchpad (inner eye) deals with visual and spatial information. Visual information refers to what things look like. It is likely that the visuospatial sketchpad plays an important role in helping us keep track of where we are in relation to other objects as we move through our environment (Baddeley, 1997). As we move around, our p...
The original model was updated by Baddeley (2000) after the model failed to explain the results of various experiments. An additional component was added called the episodic buffer. The episodic buffer acts as a “backup” store which communicates with both long-term memory and the components of working memory.
Strengths
Researchers today generally agree that short-term memory is made up of a number of components or subsystems. The working memory model has replaced the idea of a unitary (one part) STM as suggested by the multistore model. The working memory model explains a lot more than the multistore model. It makes sense of a range of tasks – verbal reasoning, comprehension, reading, problem-solving and visual and spatial processing. The model is supported by considerable experimental evidence. 1. reading...
Empirical Evidence for Working Memory
What evidence is there that working memory exists, that it comprises several parts, that perform different tasks? Working memory is supported by dual-task studies (Baddeley and Hitch, 1976). The working memory model makes the following two predictions:
Key Study: Baddeley and Hitch
Aim: To investigate if participants can use different parts of working memory at the same time. Method: Conducted an experiment in which participants were asked to perform two tasks at the same time (dual task technique) – a digit span task which required them to repeat a list of numbers, and a verbal reasoning task which required them to answer true or false to various questions (e.g., B is followed by A?). Results: As the number of digits increased in the digit span tasks, participants took...
Atkinson, R. C., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1968). Chapter: Human memory: A proposed system and its control processes. In Spence, K. W., & Spence, J. T. The psychology of learning and motivation(Volume 2). New York: Academic Press. pp. 89–195. Baddeley, A. D. (1986). Working memory. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Baddeley, A. (1996). Exploring the centra...
- Psychoanalytic Psychology. Psychoanalysis is a field of psychology that explores the subconsciousness and how it affects our conscious thoughts and behaviors.
- Behavioral Psychology. When behavioral psychology emerged on the scene in the 1890s and into the 1900s, it positioned itself as a mature and scientific contrast to psychoanalysis, which it saw as mere pseudo-psychology.
- Cognitive Psychology. Cognitive psychology, burgeoning in the 1950s and onwards, saw a pivot back to observing what’s in the mind, not merely behaviors.
- Social Psychology. Social psychology explores how our social and cultural interactions affect our thinking and behavior. While overlapping significantly with cognitive psychology (i.e.
Oct 16, 2023 · The cerebral cortex is the brain’s outermost layer on top of the cerebrum and is associated with our highest mental capabilities. The cerebral cortex is primarily constructed of grey matter (neural tissue made up of neurons), with between 14 and 16 billion neurons found here.
Jan 17, 2024 · The Central Nervous System (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord. It acts as the body's control center, processing sensory information and directing responses. The CNS coordinates both voluntary activities, like movement, and involuntary ones, such as breathing and heartbeat.
