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Jun 30, 2020 · This article introduces the concept of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to a criminological audience. After a general review of the phenomenon (including brief explanations of important cognate fields ...
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- Methodology
- Threats
- Commerce, Financial Markets, and Insolvency
- Harmful Or Dangerous Drugs
- Offences Against The Person
- Sexual Offences
- Theft and Fraud, and Forgery and Personation
The literature analysis that underpins this article was undertaken in two phases. The first phase involved searching five databases (Google Scholar, PhilPapers, Scopus, SSRN, and Web of Science) in October 2017. Initially, a broad search for AI and Crime on each of these search engines was conducted.Footnote 4 This general search returned many resu...
The plausible and unique threats surrounding AIC may be understood specifically or generally. The more general threats represent what makes AIC possible compared to crimes of the past (i.e., AI’s particular affordances) and uniquely problematic (i.e., those that justify the conceptualisation of AIC as a distinct crime phenomenon). As shown in Table...
This economy-focused area of crime is defined in Archbold (2018, Chap. 30) and includes cartel offences, such as price fixing and collusion, insider dealing, such as trading securities based on private business information, and market manipulation. The literature analysed raises concerns over AI’s involvement in market manipulation, price fixing, a...
Crimes falling under this category include trafficking, selling, buying, and possessing banned drugs (Archbold 2018, Chap. 27). The literature surveyed finds that AI can be instrumental in supporting the trafficking and sale of banned substances. The literature raises the business-to-business trafficking of drugs as a threat due to criminals using ...
Crimes that fall under offences against the person range from murder to human trafficking (Archbold 2018, Chap. 19), but the literature that the analysis uncovered exclusively relates AIC to harassment and torture. Harassment comprises intentional and repetitious behaviour that alarms or causes a person distress. Harassment is, according to past ca...
The sexual offences discussed in the literature in relation to AI are: rape (i.e., penetrative sex without consent), sexual assault (i.e., sexual touching without consent), and sexual intercourse or activity with a minor. Non-consent, in the context of rape and sexual assault, is constituted by two conditions (Archbold 2018, Secs. 20–10): there mus...
The literature reviewed connects forgery and impersonation via AIC to theft and non-corporate fraud, and also implicates the use of machine learning in corporate fraud. Concerning theft and non-corporate fraud, the literature describes a two-phase process that begins with using AI to gather personal data and proceeds to using stolen personal data a...
- Thomas C. King, Nikita Aggarwal, Mariarosaria Taddeo, Mariarosaria Taddeo, Luciano Floridi, Luciano ...
- 2020
Oct 20, 2023 · AI-powered forensic psychology reveals hidden patterns in criminal cases, enhancing investigations with precise insights. Uncover the truth with data analysis.
Nov 3, 2021 · AIC is theoretically feasible thanks to published experiments in automating fraud targeted at social media users, as well as demonstrations of AI-driven manipulation of simulated markets.
Mar 16, 2020 · Although algorithmic risk assessments can be perceived as a means of overcoming human bias, they could still reflect prejudice and institutionalized bias. A.I. is trained on data – for example, criminal files – that may themselves reflect biases on the part of police officers, prosecutors, or judges.
May 7, 2024 · Machines powered by artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly taking over tasks previously performed by humans alone. In accomplishing such tasks, they may intentionally commit ‘AI crimes’, ie engage in behaviour which would be considered a crime if it were accomplished by humans.
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Incorporating Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the criminal justice system has changed how law enforcement and judicial process's function. This research paper delves into the effects of AI in this particular context, examining its influence on predictive policing, sentencing and parole determinations, surveillance practices, legal ...
