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Before the release of the IFS function in 2018 as part of the Excel 365 update, the only way to test multiple conditions and return a corresponding value in Excel was to use nested IF statements. However, multiple IF statements have the downside of resulting in unwieldy formulas that are difficult to read and maintain.
- Using Vlookup & If
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- Using Vlookup & If
Since OR only needs one of the arguments to be true, the formula returns TRUE. If you use the Evaluate Formula Wizard from the Formula tab you'll see how Excel evaluates the formula. =IF(NOT(A5>B2),TRUE,FALSE) IF A5 is not greater than B2, then return TRUE, otherwise return FALSE. In this case, A5 is greater than B2, so the formula returns FALSE.
Mar 22, 2023 · More formula examples can be found in Excel IF OR function. IF with multiple AND & OR statements. If your task requires evaluating several sets of multiple conditions, you will have to utilize both AND & OR functions at a time.
- Svetlana Cheusheva
Aug 30, 2024 · How to Use Multiple IF Statements in Excel (Step-by-Step) The IF function is an awesome logical function of Excel. When used the right way, it will offer results that will leave you fascinated 🤩. The IF function, by default, tests a single logical condition. But with the classic nesting of the IF function, you can make it test multiple ...
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The IF function allows you to make a logical comparison between a value and what you expect by testing for a condition and returning a result if True or False.
•=IF(Something is True, then do something, otherwise do something else)
So an IF statement can have two results. The first result is if your comparison is True, the second if your comparison is False.
IF statements are incredibly robust, and form the basis of many spreadsheet models, but they are also the root cause of many spreadsheet issues. Ideally, an IF statement should apply to minimal conditions, such as Male/Female, Yes/No/Maybe, to name a few, but sometimes you might need to evaluate more complex scenarios that require nesting* more than 3 IF functions together.
Use the IF function, one of the logical functions, to return one value if a condition is true and another value if it's false.
Syntax
IF(logical_test, value_if_true, [value_if_false])
For example:
•=IF(A2>B2,"Over Budget","OK")
•=IF(A2=B2,B4-A4,"")
While Excel will allow you to nest up to 64 different IF functions, it’s not at all advisable to do so. Why?
•Multiple IF statements require a great deal of thought to build correctly and make sure that their logic can calculate correctly through each condition all the way to the end. If you don’t nest your formula 100% accurately, then it might work 75% of the time, but return unexpected results 25% of the time. Unfortunately, the odds of you catching the 25% are slim.
•Multiple IF statements can become incredibly difficult to maintain, especially when you come back some time later and try to figure out what you, or worse someone else, was trying to do.
If you find yourself with an IF statement that just seems to keep growing with no end in sight, it’s time to put down the mouse and rethink your strategy.
Following is an example of a relatively standard nested IF statement to convert student test scores to their letter grade equivalent.
•=IF(D2>89,"A",IF(D2>79,"B",IF(D2>69,"C",IF(D2>59,"D","F"))))
This complex nested IF statement follows a straightforward logic:
1.If the Test Score (in cell D2) is greater than 89, then the student gets an A
2.If the Test Score is greater than 79, then the student gets a B
3.If the Test Score is greater than 69, then the student gets a C
Following is a very common example of calculating Sales Commission based on levels of Revenue achievement.
•=IF(C9>15000,20%,IF(C9>12500,17.5%,IF(C9>10000,15%,IF(C9>7500,12.5%,IF(C9>5000,10%,0)))))
This formula says IF(C9 is Greater Than 15,000 then return 20%, IF(C9 is Greater Than 12,500 then return 17.5%, and so on...
While it’s remarkably similar to the earlier Grades example, this formula is a great example of how difficult it can be to maintain large IF statements – what would you need to do if your organization decided to add new compensation levels and possibly even change the existing dollar or percentage values? You’d have a lot of work on your hands!
Here is an example of the commission scenario with the logic out of order:
Can you see what’s wrong? Compare the order of the Revenue comparisons to the previous example. Which way is this one going? That’s right, it’s going from bottom up ($5,000 to $15,000), not the other way around. But why should that be such a big deal? It’s a big deal because the formula can’t pass the first evaluation for any value over $5,000. Let’s say you’ve got $12,500 in revenue – the IF statement will return 10% because it is greater than $5,000, and it will stop there. This can be incredibly problematic because in a lot of situations these types of errors go unnoticed until they’ve had a negative impact. So knowing that there are some serious pitfalls with complex nested IF statements, what can you do? In most cases, you can use the VLOOKUP function instead of building a complex formula with the IF function. Using VLOOKUP, you first need to create a reference table:
There is now an IFS function that can replace multiple, nested IF statements with a single function. So instead of our initial grades example, which has 4 nested IF functions:
•=IF(D2>89,"A",IF(D2>79,"B",IF(D2>69,"C",IF(D2>59,"D","F"))))
It can be made much simpler with a single IFS function:
•=IFS(D2>89,"A",D2>79,"B",D2>69,"C",D2>59,"D",TRUE,"F")
The IFS function is great because you don’t need to worry about all of those IF statements and parentheses.
Note: This feature is only available if you have a Microsoft 365 subscription. If you are a Microsoft 365subscriber, make sure you have the latest version of Office.
You can always ask an expert in the Excel Tech Community or get support in Communities.
To enter another function as an argument, enter the function in the argument box that you want. The parts of the formula displayed in the Function Arguments dialog box reflect the function that you selected in the previous step. If you clicked IF, the Function arguments dialog box displays the arguments for the IF function. To nest another ...
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Sep 17, 2024 · Using an array formula with multiple conditions within an IF function in Excel allows you to perform advanced logical tests and make decisions based on multiple criteria. Array formulas extend the capabilities of regular formulas by applying calculations across a range of cells rather than a single cell. Here’s how you can use an array ...
