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- Each horizon has unique characteristics, such as color, texture, structure, and composition, which affect soil fertility and ecosystem function. The O horizon is composed mainly of decomposed organic matter, while the A horizon is where most biological activity occurs due to its nutrient-rich content.
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Soil scientists, who are also called pedologists, observe and describe soil profiles and soil horizons to classify and interpret the soil for various uses. Soil horizons differ in a number of easily seen soil properties such as color, texture, structure, and thickness.
Describing in detail the texture, structure, color, consistence, and other important features of each horizon. Assigning horizon designations to each layer. Classifying the soil on the basis of its morphology and horizonation.
Soil profiles can show distinct or indistinct layers called soil horizons (see Figure 11). Soil profiles can be used to quickly compare ground characteristics between different locations and to assess whether or not a location is suitable for tasks such as farming.
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Feb 17, 2023 · Soil Horizons. The soil is the topmost layer of the earth’s crust consisting of air, water, inorganic minerals (rock, sand, clay, and slit), and organic matter (dead plants and animals). It forms the source of food for plants. It provides shelter for many animals such as insects, centipedes, burrowing animals, microorganisms, and many others.