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Oct 20, 2024 · The great veins, the superior and inferior venae cavae, and the great arteries, the aorta and pulmonary trunk, are attached to the superior surface of the heart, called the base. The base of the heart is located at the level of the third costal cartilage, as seen in Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\).
- 16.1: Location of the Heart - Biology LibreTexts
The base of the heart is located at the level of the third...
- 17.2: Location, Size, and Shape of the Heart - Biology LibreTexts
The shape of the heart is similar to a pinecone, broad at...
- 16.1: Location of the Heart - Biology LibreTexts
Sep 14, 2021 · The base of the heart is located at the level of the third costal cartilage, as seen in Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\). The inferior tip of the heart, the apex, lies just to the left of the sternum between the junction of the fourth and fifth ribs near their articulation with the costal cartilages.
The base of the heart is oriented upward, backward, and to the right. It is formed mostly by the left atrium and a small posterior portion of the right atrium. The cardiac base is positioned at the level of the third costal cartilage.
- Pericardium
- Structure of The Heart Wall
- Chambers of The Heart
- Valves of The Heart
- Conduction System of The Heart
The heart sits within a fluid-filled cavity called the pericardial cavity. The walls and lining of the pericardial cavity are a special membrane known as the pericardium. Pericardium is a type of serous membrane that produces serous fluid to lubricate the heart and prevent friction between the ever beating heart and its surrounding organs. Besides ...
The heart wall is made of 3 layers: epicardium, myocardium and endocardium. 1. Epicardium. The epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart wall and is just another name for the visceral layer of the pericardium. Thus, the epicardium is a thin layer of serous membrane that helps to lubricate and protect the outside of the heart. Below the epicard...
The heart contains 4 chambers: the right atrium, left atrium, right ventricle, and left ventricle. The atria are smaller than the ventricles and have thinner, less muscular walls than the ventricles. The atria act as receiving chambers for blood, so they are connected to the veins that carry blood to the heart. The ventricles are the larger, strong...
The heart functions by pumping blood both to the lungs and to the systems of the body. To prevent blood from flowing backwards or "regurgitating" back into the heart, a system of one-way valves are present in the heart. The heart valves can be broken down into two types: atrioventricular and semilunar valves. 1. Atrioventricular valves. The atriove...
The heart is able to both set its own rhythm and to conduct the signals necessary to maintain and coordinate this rhythm throughout its structures. About 1% of the cardiac muscle cells in the heart are responsible for forming the conduction system that sets the pace for the rest of the cardiac muscle cells. The conduction system starts with the pac...
- Heart anatomy. The heart has five surfaces: base (posterior), diaphragmatic (inferior), sternocostal (anterior), and left and right pulmonary surfaces. It also has several margins: right, left, superior, and inferior
- Heart valves. Heart valves separate atria from ventricles, and ventricles from great vessels. The valves incorporate two or three leaflets (cusps) around the atrioventricular orifices and the roots of great vessels.
- Blood flow through the heart. The blood flow through the heart is quite logical. It happens with the heart cycle, which consists of the periodical contraction and relaxation of the atrial and ventricular myocardium (heart muscle tissue).
- Coronary circulation. The heart must also be supplied with oxygenated blood. This is done by the two coronary arteries: left and right. Heart muscles work constantly (thank goodness!)
Aug 26, 2013 · Location of the heart in the mediastinum. The superficial epicardium is the visceral layer of the serous pericardium. The middle layer is the myocardium and is composed mainly of cardiac muscle and forms the bulk of the heart.
The shape of the heart is similar to a pinecone, broad at the superior surface (called the base) and tapering to the apex. A typical heart is approximately the size of your fist: 12 cm (5 in) in length, 8 cm (3.5 in) wide, and 6 cm (2.5 in) in thickness.
