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Epicardium
basicmedicalkey.com
- The heart is composed of three layers: the epicardium (outer layer) which prevents excess expansion or movement of the heart, the myocardium (middle layer) which initiates contractions driving the cardiac cycle, and the endocardium (inner layer) that lines the cavities and valves.
Oct 20, 2024 · The base of the heart is located at the level of the third costal cartilage, as seen in Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\). The inferior tip of the heart, the apex, lies just to the left of the sternum between the junction of the fourth and fifth ribs near their articulation with the costal cartilages.
The base of the heart is located at the level of the third costal cartilage, as seen in Figure 19.1.1. The inferior tip of the heart, the apex, lies just to the left of the sternum between the junction of the fourth and fifth ribs near their articulation with the costal cartilages.
- Lindsay M. Biga, Sierra Dawson, Amy Harwell, Robin Hopkins, Joel Kaufmann, Mike LeMaster, Philip Mat...
- 2019
Nov 10, 2024 · The base of the heart is its broader upper part and is primarily formed by the atria, especially the left atrium. It faces posteriorly and is situated at the level of the 2nd intercostal space. The base is where the great vessels – the aorta, pulmonary trunk, and superior vena cava – enter or exit the heart. Surfaces of the Heart:
- Location of The Heart
- Everyday Connection
- Shape and Size of The Heart
- Chambers and Circulation Through The Heart
- Membranes, Surface Features and Layers
- Membranes
- Disorders of The Heart: Cardiac Tamponade
- Surface Features of The Heart
- Layers
- Internal Structure of The Heart
The human heart is located within the thoracic cavity, medially between the lungs in the space known as the mediastinum. Figure 6.1.1 shows the position of the heart within the thoracic cavity. Within the mediastinum, the heart is separated from the other mediastinal structures by a tough membrane known as the pericardium, or pericardial sac, and s...
CPR The position of the heart in the torso between the vertebrae and sternum (see Figure 6.1.1 for the position of the heart within the thorax) allows for individuals to apply an emergency technique known as cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if the heart of a patient should stop. In adults, pressure is applied with the flat portion of one hand on...
The shape of the heart is similar to a pinecone, rather broad at the superior surface and tapering to the apex (see Figure 6.1.1). A typical heart is approximately the size of your fist: 12 cm (5 in) in length, 8 cm (3.5 in) wide, and 6 cm (2.5 in) in thickness. Given the size difference between most members of the sexes, the weight of a female hea...
The human heart consists of four chambers: The left side and the right side each have one atrium and one ventricle. Each of the upper chambers, the right atrium (plural = atria) and the left atrium, acts as a receiving chamber and contracts to push blood into the lower chambers, the right ventricle and the left ventricle. The ventricles serve as th...
Our exploration of more in-depth heart structures begins by examining the membrane that surrounds the heart, the prominent surface features of the heart and the layers that form the wall of the heart. Each of these components plays its own unique role in terms of function.
The membrane that directly surrounds the heart and defines the pericardial cavity is called the pericardium or pericardial sac. It also surrounds the “roots” of the major vessels, or the areas of closest proximity to the heart. The pericardium, which literally translates as “around the heart,” consists of two distinct sublayers: the sturdy outer fi...
If excess fluid builds within the pericardial space, it can lead to a condition called cardiac tamponade, or pericardial tamponade. With each contraction of the heart, more fluid—in most instances, blood—accumulates within the pericardial cavity. In order to fill with blood for the next contraction, the heart must relax. However, the excess fluid i...
Inside the pericardium, the surface features of the heart are visible, including the four chambers. There is a superficial leaf-like extension of the atria near the superior surface of the heart, one on each side, called an auricle—a name that means “ear like”—because its shape resembles the external ear of a human (Figure 6.1.5). Auricles are rela...
The wall of the heart is composed of three layers of unequal thickness. From superficial to deep, these are the epicardium, the myocardium and the endocardium (see Figure 6.1.4). The outermost layer of the wall of the heart is also the innermost layer of the pericardium, the epicardium, or the visceral pericardium discussed earlier. The middle and ...
Recall that the heart’s contraction cycle follows a dual pattern of circulation—the pulmonary and systemic circuits—because of the pairs of chambers that pump blood into the circulation. In order to develop a more precise understanding of cardiac function, it is first necessary to explore the internal anatomical structures in more detail.
- Anna Chruścik, Kate Kauter, Louisa Windus, Eliza Whiteside
- 2021
The great veins, the superior and inferior venae cavae, and the great arteries, the aorta and pulmonary trunk, are attached to the superior surface of the heart, called the base. The base of the heart is located at the level of the third costal cartilage, as seen in Figure 19.2. The inferior tip of the heart, the apex, lies just to the left of ...
- Qut Anatomy and Physiology Team
- 2020
The heart is located in the thoracic cavity medial to the lungs and posterior to the sternum. On its superior end, the base of the heart is attached to the aorta, pulmonary arteries and veins, and the vena cava. The inferior tip of the heart, known as the apex, rests just superior to the diaphragm.
Oct 31, 2024 · Heart, organ that serves as a pump to circulate the blood. It may be as simple as a straight tube, as in spiders and annelid worms, or as complex as the four-chambered double pump that is the center of the circulatory system in humans, other mammals, and birds.
