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Generate accurate Chicago style citations automatically. Enter a website URL, book title, or journal title, and our tool will format your Chicago style citation ready to paste into your paper.
- Chicago Bibliography Entries
- Chicago Footnotes
- Tools and Resources
The basics
The bibliography appears at the end of your paper, listing full information on all the sources you cited. A Chicago bibliography entry typically mentions the author, title, publisher or publication in which the source is contained, publication date, and URL or DOI if available. Depending on the source type, you may omit some of this information when it’s unavailable or irrelevant, and include other details when they’re needed to identify the source.
Reference examples
The exact format of a bibliography entry depends on the source type you’re citing. The rules indicate what details to include for each source and how to format the information (e.g., italics, capitalization). Explore the tabs below to see examples for the main source types.
Missing information
Sometimes, not all of the suggested information will be available for the source you want to cite. The table below shows what to do when certain commonly included details are not available for your source.
The basics
Chicago footnotes are used to cite sources in the text. Each footnote is indicated at the relevant point in the text by a superscript number,1 while the note itself appears at the bottom of the page. A footnote should be added each time you quote or paraphrase a source. All of the sources you cite in footnotes should be included in your bibliography.
Footnote examples
Chicago provides guidance for full notes (giving complete information) and short notes (giving only the author’s last name, shortened title, and page number). Use a full note the first time you cite a source and short notes for any subsequent citations of that source. Full notes generally give the same information as bibliography entries, but presented slightly differently. You can see examples of full and short notes for the most common source types in the tabs below.
Missing information
As with bibliography entries, Chicago provides advice on what to do when information you would usually include in your footnotes is missing—summarized in the table below.
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The Chicago Manual of Style, currently in its 16th edition, was created to help researchers properly cite their sources. There are two types of referencing styles in Chicago: 1) Notes and Bibliography and 2) Author-Date.
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The Chicago Manual of Style (17th edition) contains guidelines for two styles of citation: notes and bibliography and author-date. Notes and bibliography is the most common type of Chicago style citation, and the main focus of this article.
- In a Chicago style footnote , list up to three authors. If there are more than three, name only the first author, followed by “ et al. “ In the bib...
- In a Chicago footnote citation , when the author of a source is unknown (as is often the case with websites ), start the citation with the title in...
- When an online source does not list a publication date, replace it with an access date in your Chicago footnotes and your bibliography : Example: C...
- Page numbers should be included in your Chicago in-text citations when: You’re quoting from the text. You’re paraphrasing a particular passage. You...
- In Chicago notes and bibliography style , the usual standard is to use a full note for the first citation of each source, and short notes for any s...
- In Chicago author-date style , your text must include a reference list . It appears at the end of your paper and gives full details of every source...
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Get well-formatted APA, MLA, and Chicago-style citations with a citation generator built by writing experts and powered by AI. Citation Information. Citation Style. APA MLA Chicago. Source. Contributor. First Name * Middle Initial. Last Name * Suffix. Add Contributor. Full Citation. In-text Citation. Year * Title * Publisher * Edition. Page (s) DOI
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