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The standard model is the name given in the 1970s to a theory of fundamental particles and how they interact. It incorporated all that was known about subatomic particles at the time and predicted the existence of additional particles as well. There are seventeen named particles in the standard model, organized into the chart shown below.
The Standard Model. The Standard Model explains how the basic building blocks of matter interact, governed by four fundamental forces. The theories and discoveries of thousands of physicists since the 1930s have resulted in a remarkable insight into the fundamental structure of matter: everything in the universe is found to be made from a few ...
Oct 8, 2020 · A phase change or phase transition is a change between solid, liquid, gaseous, and sometimes plasma states of matter. The states of matter differ in the organization of particles and their energy. The main factors that cause phase changes are changes in temperature and pressure. At the phase transition, such as the boiling point between liquid ...
- All matter is made of tiny particles. These particles are either individual atoms, or groups of atoms called molecules.
- Atoms of the same element are the same. Atoms of different elements are different. So, all of the atoms in carbon are the same. But the atoms in nitrogen and oxygen are different from carbon atoms.
- Particles are attracted to each other by forces. In some kinds of matter, like a diamond, this force is very strong. In other kinds of matter, like orange juice, the force is weaker.
- Particles of matter have spaces between them. In a gas, there are large spaces between them. In a liquid they are closer together. In a solid, the particles are packed so close they can hardly move.
Forces. of attraction between the particles hold them together and keep them in place. The particles in solids are arranged in a regular way. The particles in solids move only by vibrating about a ...
3.4: Particle Model of Thermal Energy 3.5: Looking Back and Ahead This page titled 3: Applying Particle Models to Matter is shared under a CC BY 4.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by Dina Zhabinskaya .
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The Particle Model of Matter that we introduce here is the familiar picture of matter as composed of atoms and molecules. Our particle model for ordinary matter is simple and universal. It is not restricted to a particular kind of matter, but encompasses all ordinary matter. That is what makes this model so useful.
