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Jun 11, 2019 · The 6 links in the chain of infection. 1. The pathogen. The first link in the chain of infection is the infectious agent or pathogen which can take the form of: Viruses – such as Influenza A, shingles and Hepatitis. Bacteria – including Lyme disease and Leptospirosis. Fungi – for example Candidiasis and Aspergillosis.
Figure 4.1 Chain of Infection. The links in the chain of infection include Infectious Agent, Reservoir, Portal of Exit, Mode of Transmission, Portal of Entry, and Susceptible Host [2]: Infectious Agent: Microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites, that can cause infectious disease. Reservoir: The host in which infectious ...
Dec 7, 2023 · The chain of infection is composed of six different links: the infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host. Understanding each link in the chain is critical for preventing the spread of infections and protecting public health. The infectious agent is the microorganism that causes the ...
- Reservoir. The reservoir of an infectious agent is the habitat in which the agent normally lives, grows, and multiplies. Reservoirs include humans, animals, and the environment.
- Portal of exit. Portal of exit is the path by which a pathogen leaves its host. The portal of exit usually corresponds to the site where the pathogen is localized.
- Modes of transmission. An infectious agent may be transmitted from its natural reservoir to a susceptible host in different ways. There are different classifications for modes of transmission.
- Portal of entry. The portal of entry refers to the manner in which a pathogen enters a susceptible host. The portal of entry must provide access to tissues in which the pathogen can multiply or a toxin can act.
The Infection Cycle. In order for an infection to spread from one individual to another and cause disease, six specific phases must occur. This process is known as the chain of infection, and it only results in infection if all six links of the chain are present and intact ().
4.2 Chain of Infection. The chain of infection, also referred to as the chain of transmission, describes how an infection spreads based on these six links of transmission: See Figure 4.1 [1] for an illustration of the chain of infection. If any “link” in the chain of infection is removed or neutralized, transmission of infection will not occur.
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The chain of components has six sections. They include: Microorganisms: Disease producing, also called pathogens. Virus, parasite, fungus, bacterium. Risk factors: Virulence, pathogenicity, ability to enter host. Reservoir/Source: Environment/habitat where a pathogen can live and multiply.