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Cardiac notch
epos.myesr.org
- The left lung contains the cardiac notch, an indentation in the lung that surrounds the apex of the heart.
www.innerbody.com/anatomy/respiratory/lungs
Posterior to the hilum are the vagus nerve and the posterior pulmonary plexus. The pulmonary ligament sits inferiorly. The right hilum lies posterior to the superior vena cava and the right atrium; however, the left hilum sits inferior to the arch of the aorta and in front of the descending aorta.
Apr 20, 2023 · Anterior (or sternocostal) – Right ventricle. Posterior (base of the pyramid) – Left atrium. Inferior (or diaphragmatic) – Left and right ventricles. Right pulmonary – Right atrium. Left pulmonary – Left ventricle. Borders. Separating the surfaces of the heart are its borders. There are four main borders of the heart: Right border – Right atrium.
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- Anatomy of The Lungs
- Physiology of The Lungs
- Lung Disease
Pleura
The pleuraare double-layered serous membranes that surround each lung. Attached to the wall of the thoracic cavity, the parietal pleura forms the outer layer of the membrane. The visceral pleura forms the inner layer of the membrane covering the outside surface of the lungs. Between the parietal and visceral pleura is the pleural cavity, which creates a hollow space for the lungs to expand into during inhalation. Serous fluid secreted by the pleural membranes lubricates the inside of the pleu...
External Anatomy
Occupying most of the space within the thoracic cavity, the lungs extend laterally from the heart to the ribs on both sides of the chest and continue posteriorly toward the spine. Each soft, spongy lung is roughly cone-shaped with the superior end of the lung forming the point of the cone and the inferior end forming the base. The superior end of the lungs narrows to a rounded tip known as the apex. The inferior end of the lungs, known as the base, rests on the dome-shaped diaphragm. The base...
Bronchi
Air enters the body through the nose or mouth and passes through the pharynx, larynx, and trachea. Just before reaching the lungs, the trachea then splits into the left and right bronchi--- large, hollow tubes made of hyaline cartilage and lined with ciliated pseudostratified epithelium. The hyaline cartilage of the bronchi forms incomplete rings shaped like the letter "C" with the open part of the ring facing toward the posterior end of the bronchi. The rigid hyaline cartilage prevents the b...
Pulmonary Ventilation
Our lungs receive air from the external environment through the process of negative pressure breathing. Negative pressure breathing requires a pressure differential between the air inside the alveoli and atmospheric air. Muscles surrounding the lungs, such as the diaphragm, intercostal muscles, and abdominal muscles, expand and contract to change the volume of the thoracic cavity. Muscles expand the thoracic cavity and decrease the pressure inside the alveoli to draw atmospheric air into the...
Lung Volume
The total air volume of the lungs is about 4 to 6 liters and varies with a person's size, age, gender, and respiratory health. Lung volumes are measured clinically by a device known as a spirometer. Normal shallow breathing only moves a small fraction of the lungs' total volume into and out of the body with each breath. This volume of air, known as tidal volume, usually measures only around 0.5 liters. Deep breathing can force more air into and out of the lungs than during shallow breathing....
External Respiration
External respiration is the process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air inside the alveoli and the blood in the capillaries of the lungs. Air inside the alveoli contains a higher partial pressure of oxygen compared to the blood in the capillaries. Conversely, blood in the lungs' capillaries contains a higher partial pressure of carbon dioxide compared to the air in the alveoli. These partial pressures cause oxygen to diffuse out of the air and into the blood through the re...
There are many diseases and conditions impairing the normal function of our lungs, even leading to death. You may be interested in learning more about how DNA health testingcan screen you for genetic risk of an underdiagnosed hereditary condition called alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.
Feb 20, 2023 · Your thoracic cavity is a space in your chest that contains organs, blood vessels, nerves and other important body structures. It’s divided into three main parts: right pleural cavity, left pleural cavity and mediastinum. The five organs in your thoracic cavity are your heart, lungs, esophagus, trachea and thymus.
Jun 11, 2024 · The heart has four chambers, including: Right atrium: Receives oxygen-poor blood from the body through the superior and inferior vena cava. Right ventricle: Pumps the oxygen-poor blood to the lungs via the pulmonary artery. Left atrium: Receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs through the pulmonary veins.
Nov 3, 2023 · In the lungs, the blood gets oxygenated then moves back into the heart entering the left atrium through the pulmonary veins. The left atrium contracts and pushes the blood into the left ventricle through the left atrioventricular valve.
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Oct 20, 2024 · The shape of the heart is similar to a pinecone, rather broad at the superior surface (the base, on the posterior side) and tapering to the apex (Figure 17.2.1 17.2. 1). The apex of the heart is inferior and to the left while the base of the heart is superior and posterior.
