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Apr 20, 2023 · In the anatomical position, the heart has five surfaces – each formed by the different chambers of the heart: Anterior (or sternocostal) – Right ventricle. Posterior (base of the pyramid) – Left atrium.
- Terms of Location
Anterior and Posterior. Anterior refers to the ‘front’, and...
- Terms of Location
- Overview
- Anatomical Terms
- Midline, Medial, Lateral
- Anterior, Posterior
- Superior, Inferior
- Proximal , Distal
This article explains the basic anatomical terms of location such as midline, medial, lateral, anterior, posterior, superior/inferior and proximal/distal with examples in context.
This article looks at the basic anatomical terms of location and examples of their use within anatomy.
The midline splits the right and left halves evenly; medial means towards the midline while lateral means away from it.
Anterior refers to 'front' while posterior refers to 'back'. Structures are described in relation to each other as anterior or posterior.
These terms refer to vertical axis with superior meaning higher and inferior meaning lower. Limbs can be mobile so another descriptive pair is needed for clarity.
Used in structures that have a beginning and an end such as limbs or blood vessels; proximal means closer to origin while distal means further away from it.
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- Heart anatomy. The heart has five surfaces: base (posterior), diaphragmatic (inferior), sternocostal (anterior), and left and right pulmonary surfaces. It also has several margins: right, left, superior, and inferior
- Heart valves. Heart valves separate atria from ventricles, and ventricles from great vessels. The valves incorporate two or three leaflets (cusps) around the atrioventricular orifices and the roots of great vessels.
- Blood flow through the heart. The blood flow through the heart is quite logical. It happens with the heart cycle, which consists of the periodical contraction and relaxation of the atrial and ventricular myocardium (heart muscle tissue).
- Coronary circulation. The heart must also be supplied with oxygenated blood. This is done by the two coronary arteries: left and right. Heart muscles work constantly (thank goodness!)
Oct 25, 2022 · On the posterior surface of the heart, the ventricles are separated by the posterior interventricular sulcus (or groove), which contains the posterior interventricular artery, middle cardiac vein, and adipose tissue.
Jun 11, 2024 · Summary. The heart is the pump that moves blood around your body. It has four main parts: two upper chambers called atria and two lower chambers called ventricles. These parts work together to get oxygen-rich blood to your body and oxygen-poor blood back to your heart.
Nov 10, 2024 · The apex of the heart is the pointed lower tip that is oriented downward and to the left. It is formed by the tip of the left ventricle and is located at the level of the 5th intercostal space, typically slightly to the left of the midline. The base of the heart is its broader upper part and is primarily formed by the atria, especially the left ...
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Oct 20, 2024 · The shape of the heart is similar to a pinecone, rather broad at the superior surface (the base, on the posterior side) and tapering to the apex (Figure 17.2.1 17.2. 1). The apex of the heart is inferior and to the left while the base of the heart is superior and posterior.
