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It also included a dispute settlement mechanism for the fair and expeditious resolution of trade disputes. The Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement was brought into force on January 1, 1989 and is superseded by NAFTA, which includes Mexico. Bilateral Agreement. Text of the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (PDF, 9.89 MB) Related Links
- Canada-US Relations
Canada and the United States enjoy a unique relationship....
- Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement
Canada, the United States, and Mexico created the largest...
- Canada-US Relations
The Canada–United States Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA), official name as the Free Trade Agreement between Canada and the United States of America (French: Accord de libre-échange entre le Canada et les États-Unis d'Amérique), was a bilateral trade agreement reached by negotiators for Canada and the United States on October 4, 1987, and signed by the leaders of both countries on January 2 ...
- Key Terms
- Negotiation
- Provisions
- Automotive
- Agriculture and Dairy
- Environment
- Labour
- Data and Privacy
- Intellectual Property
- Culture
Subsidy— Money that governments give to companies or organizations to help them keep the prices of their goods competitive, avoid laying off workers or provide a service that is in the public interest. Tariff— A tax on imported goods and services, aimed at making these products more expensive.
In 2016, while campaigning for the US presidency, Donald Trump described NAFTA as “the worst trade deal ever made.” He promised to scrap it unless Canada and Mexico agreed to changes favouring the United States. Both countries depended heavily on the US market for exportsof goods and services. Therefore, they felt they had to negotiate. But they, t...
CUSMA retained much of the original NAFTA and modernized other parts of the agreement. CUSMA also added new provisions, largely to meet new US demands. For the first time, it includes chapters on labour, the environment, small and medium-size businesses, and digital trade. The new agreement brings about three key changes. First, it tightens access ...
One of the most important changes for Canada came from new rules of origin for automobilesand parts. These rules increased the percentage of North American content that vehicles must contain to avoid duties at the border. The goal was to discourage vehicle and parts production in low-cost environments, including Mexico, and attract more automotive ...
The critical issue for Canada was the future of its supply management system for dairy, eggs and poultry. The elimination of this system was a key US target. Canada was forced to make concessions in CUSMA to maintain supply management. Under CUSMA, American dairy, egg and poultry producers will gain further market access in Canada. This access will...
In an advance from NAFTA, CUSMA contains a specific chapter on the environment. The chapter contains a commitment from each country to end subsidies that encourage overfishing. It largely leaves each country free, however, to make its own environmental laws and standards. This means that a member country can even lower its environmental standards u...
The new chapter on labour in CUSMA mainly aims to bring Mexico’s labour standards closer to those of Canada and the United States. It focuses on the right to organize labour unions and engage in collective bargaining.
A new chapter on digital trade contains policies affecting data ownership, privacy and localization laws. (Localization laws require certain types of data to be stored on computers located in Canada.) The digital trade chapter helps entrench the role of US platform companies (e.g., Google and Facebook) in Canada. It also limits Canada’s future abil...
New rules on intellectual property extend copyrightprotection on works such as books, music and films. Where copyright previously covered the life of the creator plus 50 years, it now spans life plus 70 years. The new rules also require stronger action against shipments of counterfeit goods at the border. Moreover, they require member countries to ...
CUSMA continues the NAFTA exemptions for Canadian cultural industries. Cultural industries include publishers of printed or recorded media as well as broadcasters. The exemptions allow for measures like Canadian content rules, subsidies and taxesto support Canadian cultural industries. However, CUSMA allows the United States or Mexico to retaliate ...
Mar 12, 2024 · The USMCA is a free trade agreement between the United States, Mexico, and Canada. The deal, which was proposed by the Trump administration and signed on Nov. 30, 2018, went into effect on July 1 ...
Feb 26, 2020 · Global Affairs Canada prepared this report based on an assessment of the likely economic impact of CUSMA on the Canadian economy. The report provides a brief historical overview of Canada’s trade performance under the Canada-U.S. Free Trade Agreement (CUSFTA) and NAFTA to highlight the economic importance of these agreements for Canada.
Jun 30, 2020 · The new agreement—signed in November 2018— is referred to by Canadian officials as the Canada-United States-Mexico Free Trade Agreement or CUSMA for short, while U.S. President Donald Trump ...
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Canada, the United States, and Mexico created the largest free trade region in the world, generating economic growth and helping to raise the standard of living for the people of all three member countries. The Canada-United States-Mexico Agreement (CUSMA) will serve to reinforce Canada’s strong economic ties with the United States and Mexico.
