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      • disease, any harmful deviation from the normal structural or functional state of an organism, generally associated with certain signs and symptoms and differing in nature from physical injury.
      www.britannica.com/science/disease
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  2. Subsequently, we will explore the relation between a health or disease definition, its practical function, and the context it is deployed in—and discuss how this could be relevant in further research aimed at formulating context-specific definitions.

  3. Sep 7, 2001 · Taking the essential elements of Boorse (1) and Temple et al., I suggest the following definition: Disease is a genotypic or phenotypic state, often influenced by environmental factors, that places individuals at risk for internally derived adverse consequences.

    • Gerald I. Byrne
    • 2001
  4. Jul 9, 2018 · In this paper, we examine recent critiques of the debate about defining disease, which claim that its use of conceptual analysis embeds the problematic assumption that the concept is classically structured. These critiques suggest, instead, developing plural stipulative definitions.

    • Mary Jean Walker, Wendy A. Rogers
    • 2018
  5. The conceptual triad of disease, illness and sickness – first introduced by Twaddle in 1968 – has been especially widespread within this discourse. Twaddle defines disease as “physiological malfunction […] independent of subjective experience and social conventions” (, pp. 8-9).

  6. Aug 3, 2001 · We need to define the term disease so that it incorporates our expanding genetic knowledge, taking into account the possible risks and adverse consequences associated with certain genetic variations, while acknowledging that a definition of disease cannot be based solely on one genetic abnormality.

    • Larissa K. F. Temple, Robin S. McLeod, Steven Gallinger, James G. Wright
    • 2001
  7. Jul 1, 2004 · At first sight, the answer to “What is a disease?” is straightforward. Most of us feel we have an intuitive grasp of the idea, reaching mentally to images or memories of colds, cancer or tuberculosis.

  8. Oct 13, 2024 · disease, any harmful deviation from the normal structural or functional state of an organism, generally associated with certain signs and symptoms and differing in nature from physical injury. A diseased organism commonly exhibits signs or symptoms indicative of its abnormal state.

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