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May 30, 2024 · Dementia treatment options & developments. Dementia treatment options & developments For most forms and cases of dementia, there are currently no treatments that can reverse cognitive decline. However, there are approaches you can take that can help you manage symptoms and maintain your quality of life for as long as possible.
- Overview
- Types of dementia medications
- Cholinesterase inhibitors
- Memantine
- Effectiveness
- Talk with your doctor
- Q&A: Lewy body dementia (LBD)
Dementia is a term that describes a wide range of symptoms associated with a decline in memory or other cognitive skills. This decline is severe enough to make you less able to perform everyday activities.
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia. Other common types include:
•Lewy body dementia (LBD)
•Parkinson’s disease dementia
•vascular dementia
There’s no known cure for any type of dementia, and medications can’t prevent the condition or reverse the brain damage it causes. However, various drugs can provide some symptom relief.
Several prescription medications are approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat symptoms of dementia caused by AD. These drugs can provide short-term relief from cognitive dementia symptoms. Some can also help slow the progression of AD-related dementia.
While these drugs are approved to treat symptoms of AD, they’re not approved to treat symptoms of other types of dementia. However, researchers are exploring off-label uses of these medications for people with non-AD dementias.
OFF-LABEL DRUG USE
Off-label drug use means that a drug that’s been approved by the FDA for one purpose is used for a different purpose that hasn’t been approved. However, a doctor can still use the drug for that purpose. The FDA regulates the testing and approval of drugs, but not how doctors use drugs to treat their patients. So, your doctor can prescribe a drug however they think is best for your care.
According to the Alzheimer’s Association, some AD medications may benefit people with Parkinson’s disease dementia and vascular dementia.
Some of the most commonly prescribed medications used to treat symptoms of AD are cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine.
Cholinesterase inhibitors work by increasing acetylcholine, a chemical in your brain that aids in memory and judgment. Increasing the amount of acetylcholine in your brain may delay dementia-related symptoms. It may also prevent them from worsening.
The more common side effects of cholinesterase inhibitors include:
•nausea
•vomiting
•diarrhea
•dizziness
Memantine (Namenda) is mainly used to delay increasing cognitive and behavioral symptoms caused by moderate to severe AD. This effect may allow people with AD to function more normally for a longer time.
Memantine may be used off-label to provide the same benefit for people with vascular dementia.
Memantine isn’t a cholinesterase inhibitor, but it also acts on chemicals in the brain.
In fact, memantine is often prescribed in combination with a cholinesterase inhibitor. An example of this combination is Namzaric. The medication combines extended-release memantine with donepezil.
Memantine is available as a tablet, an extended-release capsule, and an oral solution.
Its more common side effects include:
Effectiveness varies by drug. For all of these dementia drugs, however, the effectiveness tends to decrease over time.
While there’s no cure for dementia, several prescription medications can help slow the progression of its symptoms and cognitive effects.
If you or a loved one has dementia, talk to your doctor about all of the treatment options. Don’t hesitate to ask questions. Examples of questions you can ask include:
•What type of dementia is it?
•Which medications will you prescribe?
•What results should I expect from this medication?
•What other treatments are available?
Q:
What is Lewy body dementia and what drugs are used to treat it? Anonymous patient
A:
Lewy body dementia is a progressive disease that causes protein deposits, known as Lewy bodies, in nerve cells of the brain. These protein deposits impact behavior, memory, movement, and personality. Symptoms of the disease often include hallucinations and delusions, confusion, attention changes, and Parkinson’s symptoms, such as hunched posture, balance problems and rigid muscles. Lewy body dementia is commonly misdiagnosed as Alzheimer’s disease. The symptoms of the disease are similar to Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s, but treatment is challenging as few medications can be used safely and there’s no cure for the disease. Medications are used to treat individual symptoms and include cholinesterase inhibitors and Parkinson’s disease medications, such as carbidopa-levodopa to treat movement issues. A treatment plan should be monitored closely by a doctor experienced with treating Lewy body dementia. Dena Westphalen, PharmDAnswers represent the opinions of our medical experts. All content is strictly informational and should not be considered medical advice. Was this helpful?
Nov 1, 2024 · A 2017 research review found complementary medication based on human interactions and touch could help relieve stress, agitation, and pain for people with dementia. Therapeutic treatment options ...
The following are used to temporarily improve dementia symptoms. Cholinesterase inhibitors. These medicines work by boosting levels of a chemical messenger involved in memory and judgment. They include donepezil (Aricept, Adlarity), rivastigmine (Exelon) and galantamine (Razadyne ER).
Jul 3, 2024 · Medications for dementia include cholinesterase inhibitors like donepezil and rivastigmine to slow symptom progression, and memantine for moderate to severe cases, aiding memory and daily functions.
- Rachel Reiff Ellis
Jul 10, 2024 · Lecanemab (Leqembi) and donanemab (Kisunla) are antiamyloid medicines approved for people with mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease. Lecanemab is given as an IV infusion every two weeks. Donanemab is given as an IV infusion every four weeks.
People also ask
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Aug 4, 2024 · No medication can cure dementia. But some may help with some of the symptoms for a time. And doctors may prescribe other meds to treat problems brought on by dementia, such as depression, trouble ...
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