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The Presidential Election of 1800 in the United States held much significance. The most famous line from Thomas Jeffersons’ first inaugural address, “We are all Republicans, we are all Federalists,” is often taken out of context.
- Jefferson
This pursuit of learning led him to charter the University...
- Jefferson
The founding generation cautioned against the divisiveness of “factions.” But in the absence of fully developed parties, the election of 1800 quickly devolved into a cutthroat contest.
After eighteen months of delay and negotiation, this mission concluded a settlement with France, the “Convention of 1800,” which simply restored peace (without providing compensation for French raids on American commerce), and quietly ended any American commitment to France under the entangling alliance of 1778.
- The Quebec Act
- An Economy in Crisis
- The Timber Trade
- Overpopulation
- Class Struggles and Political Conflicts
- Anglophones and Conservatism
- Birth of The Parti Canadien
- Radicalization of The Nationalists
- Role of The Clergy
- Rebellions of 1837–38
After the conquest of New France in 1760, Great Britain wanted to redraw the boundaries of its new colony. This would make room in the fisheries and the fur trade for merchants in Quebec City and Montreal. The Quebec Actof 1774 was a formal recognition of the failure of the project. The borders were adjusted to reflect the needs of a transcontinent...
Around 1760, the colonial economy was still dominated by the fur trade and a commercial agriculture based on wheat. The fisheries, the timber trade, shipbuilding and the Forges Saint-Maurice were all secondary. The fur trade was still expanding northwards and towards the Pacific. By the end of the 18th century, 600,000 beaver pelts and other furs w...
This was the context for the rapid growth of the timber trade after 1806. (See: Timber Trade History.) Increased production and export of forest products occurred during Napoleon’s Continental Blockade. (See also: Napoleonic Wars.) To ensure it had the wood supplies needed to build warships, England introduced preferential tariffs. These were maint...
From the early 18th century, the French Canadian population had grown without significant help from immigration. With a birthrate of about 50 births per thousand and mortality of about 25 per thousand, the population doubled every 25 to 28 years. (See also: Birthing Practices.) Following the conquest of New France, British immigration hardly affect...
The society that had developed in New France was one in which the military, nobility and clergy were dominant. The bourgeoisie, or business class, was dependent on them. (See also: Social Class.) After the British conquest in 1760, British military personnel, aristocrats and merchants replaced their francophone equivalents. But the development of c...
Not surprisingly, anglophones tended to seek the political support of governors, colonial bureaucrats and even the government in London. This was because they were unable to form a majority in the legislative assembly. Thirty years of political defeats forced them to defend colonial ties to Britain and the constitutional status quo and to support c...
To promote its interests, the French-Canadian bourgeoisie founded the Parti canadien. (It became the Parti patriote in 1826.) Party leaders blamed economic disparities on British control of the political machine and the distribution of patronage. They therefore developed a theory that provided for political evolution along traditional British lines...
However, after 1827, pressure from the militants and of general events caused Papineau to become more radical. The idea of an independent Lower Canada then began to take root. The desire to win power by ordinary political means was at the heart of this adjustment of political ideology. But the British model was replaced by the American model. This ...
As a social class, the clergy sat atop a complex institutional network that generated great revenues. As such, they naturally became engaged in the struggle for power. Québécois clerics were already aware of the threat to their social influence. They saw this clearly in the effects of the French Revolution. It was also evident in the Protestant col...
The three-way power struggle became more violent in March 1837. To break the political and financial deadlock, the British government adopted the Russell Resolutions. These effectively rejected the Patriotes’ demands, which had been laid out in the 92 Resolutionsof 1834. The Patriotes were not well enough organized to jump immediately into a revolu...
Apr 11, 2016 · The tumultuous outcome of the election led to the adoption of the 12th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, which enshrined partisan voting by having electors vote separately for president and vice president.
Feb 6, 2006 · Under Arnold's command, the remaining uncaptured Americans tried to maintain a siege of the town through the winter, but it was ineffective. The group was easily routed when the spring thaw brought 4,000 British troop reinforcements led by British General John Burgoyne.
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The British defeat of the Irish Revolution of 1798 led to the Acts of Union of 1800. The Acts dissolved the Irish Parliament and merged it with the British Parliament, creating the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.