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Jul 14, 2020 · On the night of July 14-15, 1965, the Mariner 4 spacecraft made history when it completed the first flyby reconnaissance of Mars after a 228-day journey from Earth.
- Mariner Missions to Mars - Science@NASA
Between 1962 and 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory...
- Five Ways Mariner 4 Changed Mars Exploration | NASA Jet ...
Mariner 4 was the first spacecraft to fly by Mars and send...
- 55 Years Ago: Mariner 4 First to Mars - NASA
On July 14, 1965, after a 228-day cruise from Earth, Mariner...
- Mariner Missions to Mars - Science@NASA
The Mariner 10 spacecraft launched on November 3, 1973, and was the first to use a gravity assist trajectory, accelerating as it entered the gravitational influence of Venus, then being flung by the planet's gravity onto a slightly different course to reach Mercury. [1]
Between 1962 and 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory designed and built 10 spacecraft named Mariner to explore the inner solar system -- visiting the planets Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for additional close observations.
Dec 5, 2012 · Mariner 4 was the first spacecraft to fly by Mars, and the first to return close-up images of the Red Planet. Its blurry views of craters and bare ground led some scientists to think that Mars...
Jul 10, 2015 · Mariner 4 was the first spacecraft to fly by Mars and send home close-up images. Find out how the mission changed the way we explore the Red Planet.
Nov 27, 2019 · On July 14, 1965, after a 228-day cruise from Earth, Mariner 4 passed within 6,118 miles of Mars, snapping 22 photographs of the planet and taking scientific measurements. The spacecraft passed behind the planet as seen from Earth, allowing a radio occultation study to estimate the density of the Martian atmosphere.
Venera 7 made the first successful landing on another planet, and returned signals from the surface of Venus for 23 minutes. The Mars 2 lander crashed into Mars on 27 November 1971, in a failed soft landing attempt. It was the first manmade object to reach the surface of Mars.
