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1. science.nasa.gov › venus › explorationVenus: Exploration - Science@NASA

   science.nasa.gov › venus › exploration

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   Nov 9, 2017 · Dozens of spacecraft have launched to explore Venus, but not all have been successful. NASA's Mariner 2 was the first spacecraft to visit any planet beyond Earth when it flew past Venus on Dec. 14, 1962. NASA is planning two new missions to Venus: VERITAS, and DAVINCI.

   • Mariner Program - NASA Science

     The 10 Mariners visited Venus, Mars and Mercury for the...

   • Mariner 10 - Science@NASA

     Mariner 10 was the first spacecraft sent to the planet...

   • 60 Years Ago: Mariner 2 First to Explore Venus - NASA

     On Dec. 14, 1962, Mariner 2 completed the first successful...

2. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Mariner_programMariner program - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Mariner_program

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   Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) designed and built 10 robotic interplanetary probes named Mariner to explore the inner Solar System – visiting the planets Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for additional close observations.

3. Videos

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     What’s on the Surface of Venus? A History of the Venera Program

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     The First and Only Photos From Venus - What Did We See? (4K)

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     When the Soviets Photographed the Surface of Venus - It Happened in Space #9

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4. science.nasa.gov › mission › mariner-programMariner Program - NASA Science

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   The 10 Mariners visited Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and later returned to Venus and Mars for a closer look. The final mission in the series, Mariner 10, flew past Venus before going on to Mercury for a total of three flybys.

5. science.nasa.gov › mission › mariner-10Mariner 10 - Science@NASA

   science.nasa.gov › mission › mariner-10

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   Mariner 10 was the first spacecraft sent to the planet Mercury; the first mission to explore two planets (Mercury and Venus) during a single mission; the first to return to its primary destination for another look; and the first to use a gravity assist to change its flight path.

   • Nation: United States of America (USA)
   • Spacecraft: Mariner-73J / Mariner-J

   • Objective (s): Mercury Flyby, Venus Flyby
   • Spacecraft Mass: 1,100 pounds (502.9 kilograms)

6. www.nasa.gov › history › 45-years-ago-mariner-10-off45 Years Ago, Mariner 10 Off to Venus and Mercury - NASA

   www.nasa.gov › history › 45-years-ago-mariner-10-off

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   Nov 5, 2018 · In 1969, NASA approved a plan to send a spacecraft to Mercury, using Venus for a gravity assist. The mission, first known as Mariner Venus Mercury, was later renamed Mariner 10 and managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.

   • Author: John Uri

7. spacecenter.org › this-day-in-space-historyThis day in space history: Mariner 9 becomes first spacecraft ...

   spacecenter.org › this-day-in-space-history

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   Nov 13, 2019 · The Mariner spacecraft was designed and developed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL) with the purpose of exploring our nearest planetary neighbors: Venus, Mercury, and Mars.

8. People also ask

   What was the first spacecraft to visit Venus?

   • NASA's Mariner 2 was the first spacecraft to visit any planet beyond Earth when it flew past Venus on Dec. 14, 1962. NASA is planning two new missions to Venus: VERITAS, and DAVINCI. Why Return to Venus? How did Venus become a sulfurous inferno, while Earth evolved to become the only known world with life?

   Venus: Exploration - Science@NASA

   science.nasa.gov/venus/exploration/

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   How many spacecraft have visited Venus?

   • Dozens of spacecraft have launched to explore Venus, but not all have been successful. NASA's Mariner 2 was the first spacecraft to visit any planet beyond Earth when it flew past Venus on Dec. 14, 1962. NASA is planning two new missions to Venus: VERITAS, and DAVINCI. Why Return to Venus?

   Venus: Exploration - Science@NASA

   science.nasa.gov/venus/exploration/

   See all results for this question

   When did NASA send a spacecraft to Mercury?

   • In 1969, NASA approved a plan to send a spacecraft to Mercury, using Venus for a gravity assist. The mission, first known as Mariner Venus Mercury, was later renamed Mariner 10 and managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.

   45 Years Ago, Mariner 10 Off to Venus and Mercury - NASA

   www.nasa.gov/history/45-years-ago-mariner-10-off-to-venus-and-mercury/

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   How many missions have been launched to explore Venus?

   • More than 40 missions have been launched to explore Venus. Akatsuki is Japan's first mission to explore Venus. It launched in May 2010. Mariner 2 became the first successful mission to another planet when it flew by Venus on Dec. 14, 1962. Pioneer Venus 1 launched on May 20, 1978, and was the first American spacecraft to orbit Venus.

   Venus: Exploration - Science@NASA

   science.nasa.gov/venus/exploration/

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   Can a spacecraft visit both Venus and Mercury?

   • A unique opportunity presented itself in 1973 to send a spacecraft to visit both Venus and Mercury in a single mission. Using gravity assist, a technique theorized for decades but never used before, under favorable conditions a spacecraft sent to one planet can use that planet’s gravitational force to essentially slingshot on to its next target.

   45 Years Ago, Mariner 10 Off to Venus and Mercury - NASA

   www.nasa.gov/history/45-years-ago-mariner-10-off-to-venus-and-mercury/

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   When did NASA launch a spacecraft?

   • Spacecraft Launch Date Objective Results Mariner 1 Jul 22, 1962 Venus flyby Unsuccessful Mariner 2 Aug 27, 1962 Venus flyby Successful Mariner 3 Nov 5, 1964 Mars flyby Unsuccessful Mariner 4 Nov 28, 1964 Mars flyby Successful Mariner 5 Jun 14, 1967 Venus flyby Successful Mariner 6 Feb 25, 1969 Mars flyby Successful Mariner 7 […]

   Mariner Program - NASA Science

   science.nasa.gov/mission/mariner-program/

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9. www.nasa.gov › history › 60-years-ago-mariner-260 Years Ago: Mariner 2 First to Explore Venus - NASA

   www.nasa.gov › history › 60-years-ago-mariner-2

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   Dec 14, 2022 · On Dec. 14, 1962, Mariner 2 completed the first successful close-up observations of another planet when it flew by Venus. Managed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion.