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1. • Mariner 10

     • The mission of Mariner 10 was a great success and unique in many ways. It was the first spacecraft to use gravity assist to visit more than one planet, a technique now used regularly to visit multiple bodies in the solar system. It was the first spacecraft to take close-up photographs of Venus and the first to explore Mercury.
     www.nasa.gov/history/45-years-ago-mariner-10-off-to-venus-and-mercury/

     45 Years Ago, Mariner 10 Off to Venus and Mercury - NASA

2. www.nasa.gov › history › 45-years-ago-mariner-10-off45 Years Ago, Mariner 10 Off to Venus and Mercury - NASA

   www.nasa.gov › history › 45-years-ago-mariner-10-off

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   Nov 5, 2018 · The mission, first known as Mariner Venus Mercury, was later renamed Mariner 10 and managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. It was the last in the Mariner series of very successful spacecraft that revealed many secrets about the inner solar system.

   • Mariner 10 - Science@NASA

     Mariner 10 was the first spacecraft sent to the planet...

   • Mariner Missions to Mars - Science@NASA

     Between 1962 and 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory...

   • NASA Facts - NASA Mars Exploration

     Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory...

3. en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Mariner_programMariner program - Wikipedia

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   Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) designed and built 10 robotic interplanetary probes named Mariner to explore the inner Solar System – visiting the planets Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for additional close observations.

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5. science.nasa.gov › mission › mariner-10Mariner 10 - Science@NASA

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   Mariner 10 was the first spacecraft sent to the planet Mercury; the first mission to explore two planets (Mercury and Venus) during a single mission; the first to return to its primary destination for another look; and the first to use a gravity assist to change its flight path.

   • Nation: United States of America (USA)
   • Spacecraft: Mariner-73J / Mariner-J

   • Objective (s): Mercury Flyby, Venus Flyby
   • Spacecraft Mass: 1,100 pounds (502.9 kilograms)

6. science.nasa.gov › mission › mariner-programMariner Missions to Mars - Science@NASA

   science.nasa.gov › mission › mariner-program

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   Between 1962 and 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory designed and built 10 spacecraft named Mariner to explore the inner solar system -- visiting the planets Venus, Mars. and Mercury for the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for additional close observations.

7. www.jpl.nasa.gov › missions › mariner-10Mariner 10 | NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)

   www.jpl.nasa.gov › missions › mariner-10

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   Nov 3, 1973 · Mariner 10. The first mission to employ gravity assist, or using the gravity of a planet to alter a spacecraft's speed and trajectory to fly by its target planet, the Mariner 10 mission flew by both Venus and Mercury, snapping photos and collecting data. Launch Date. Nov. 3, 1973.

8. mars.nasa.gov › internal_resources › 809NASA Facts - NASA Mars Exploration

   mars.nasa.gov › internal_resources › 809

   Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory designed and built 10 space- craft named Mariner to explore the inner solar system -- visiting the planets Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for additional close observations.

9. People also ask

   When did NASA send a spacecraft to Mercury?

   • In 1969, NASA approved a plan to send a spacecraft to Mercury, using Venus for a gravity assist. The mission, first known as Mariner Venus Mercury, was later renamed Mariner 10 and managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.

   45 Years Ago, Mariner 10 Off to Venus and Mercury - NASA

   www.nasa.gov/history/45-years-ago-mariner-10-off-to-venus-and-mercury/

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   Can a spacecraft visit both Venus and Mercury?

   • A unique opportunity presented itself in 1973 to send a spacecraft to visit both Venus and Mercury in a single mission. Using gravity assist, a technique theorized for decades but never used before, under favorable conditions a spacecraft sent to one planet can use that planet’s gravitational force to essentially slingshot on to its next target.

   45 Years Ago, Mariner 10 Off to Venus and Mercury - NASA

   www.nasa.gov/history/45-years-ago-mariner-10-off-to-venus-and-mercury/

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   What was the first mission to explore two planets?

   • Mariner 10, launched in 1973, was the first single mission to explore two planets. Credit: NASA. To the ancient Romans, Mercury was the messenger of the gods, his winged sandals adroitly whisking the maestro of luck and trickery to do his divine masters’ bidding.

   Mariner 10, a mission of firsts, used gravity to bend its way from

   www.astronomy.com/space-exploration/mariner-10-a-mission-of-firsts-used-gravity-to-bend-its-way-from-venus-to-mercury/

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   What was the first spacecraft to use gravity assist?

   • The first mission to employ gravity assist, or using the gravity of a planet to alter a spacecraft's speed and trajectory to fly by its target planet, the Mariner 10 mission flew by both Venus and Mercury, snapping photos and collecting data.

   Mariner 10 - NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)

   www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions/mariner-10/

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   When was the first photo of Venus taken?

   • On Feb. 5, 1974, NASA’s Mariner 10 mission took this first close-up photo of Venus. Made using an ultraviolet filter in its imaging system, the photo has been color-enhanced to bring out Venus’s cloudy atmosphere as the human eye would see it.

   Mariner 10, a mission of firsts, used gravity to bend its way from

   www.astronomy.com/space-exploration/mariner-10-a-mission-of-firsts-used-gravity-to-bend-its-way-from-venus-to-mercury/

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   How did Mariner 10 discover Venus?

   • During the fly-by, Mariner 10 sent back information about the Venus’ atmosphere and beaming back the first close-up images of the cloud-shrouded planet. Photographs taken in visible light revealed a featureless planet, but cloud detail was readily visible using ultraviolet filters.

   45 Years Ago, Mariner 10 Off to Venus and Mercury - NASA

   www.nasa.gov/history/45-years-ago-mariner-10-off-to-venus-and-mercury/

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10. www.astronomy.com › space-exploration › mariner-10-aMariner 10, a mission of firsts, used gravity to bend its way ...

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    Apr 1, 2024 · Mariner 10 provided the first up-close look at Mercury and visited Venus, the first mission to explore two planets.