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    • Mariner

      • Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) designed and built 10 robotic interplanetary probes named Mariner to explore the inner Solar System – visiting the planets Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for additional close observations.
      en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariner_program
  1. Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) designed and built 10 robotic interplanetary probes named Mariner to explore the inner Solar System – visiting the planets Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for additional close observations.

  2. Between 1962 and 1973, NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory designed and built 10 spacecraft named Mariner to explore the inner solar system -- visiting the planets Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for additional close observations.

  3. Between 1962 and late 1973, NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory designed and built 10 space- craft named Mariner to explore the inner solar system -- visiting the planets Venus, Mars and Mercury for the first time, and returning to Venus and Mars for additional close observations.

  4. Nov 9, 2017 · Dozens of spacecraft have launched to explore Venus, but not all have been successful. NASA's Mariner 2 was the first spacecraft to visit any planet beyond Earth when it flew past Venus on Dec. 14, 1962. NASA is planning two new missions to Venus: VERITAS, and DAVINCI.

  5. Venera 7 was the first lander overall and first for the Soviet Union, touching down on 15 December 1970. Pioneer Venus 2 contained the first spacecraft to land from the United States, the Day Probe. It soft landed on 9 December 1978.

    Spacecraft
    Launch Date [7]
    Operator
    Mission
    10 February 2020
    Gravity assist
    20 October 2018
    Gravity assist
    12 August 2018
    NASA United States
    Gravity assist
    20 May 2010
    UNISEC Japan
    Flyby
  6. Sep 18, 2020 · Mariner 10 was the first spacecraft to use the gravity of one planet (Venus) to slingshot to a second planet (Mercury). It also was the first spacecraft to visit two planets.

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  8. Aug 26, 2002 · Three and one-half months later, on December 14, 1962, the JPL-built Mariner 2 flew by Venus, becoming the world's first successful interplanetary spacecraft. The Mariner program, a series of missions which aimed to visit Venus and Mars, was ambitious.