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The Oxford Guide to the History of Physics and Astronomy. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-517198-5. Nye, Mary Jo (1996). Before Big Science: The Pursuit of Modern Chemistry and Physics, 1800–1940. New York: Twayne. ISBN 0-8057-9512-X. OCLC 185866968.. Segrè, Emilio (1984).
A brief chronological listing of some of the most important discoveries in cosmology, astronomy, and physics, from ancient Babylon, India and Greece, right up to the 20th Century. Learn how some of the essential concepts and laws of modern physics which are mentioned in this website (and the earlier ideas out of which they grew) developed in a historical context.
Jan 25, 2018 · The History of Physics: A Very Short Introduction tells the 2,500-year story, exploring the changing place and purpose of physics in different cultures; highlighting the implications for humankind’s self-understanding. It introduces Islamic astronomers and mathematicians calculating the Earth’s size; medieval scholar-theologians investigating light; Galileo, Copernicus, Kepler, and Newton ...
- J. L. Heilbron
Modern trends in the historiography of science have led to a rethinking of many of the classic areas of the history of physics. A history that might have been cast, in the days of Florian Cajori’s History of Physics (1899) or W. F. Magie’s Source Book in the History of Physics (1935), as a progressive uncovering of the truths of the physical world by a succession of great thinkers has now ...
- Galileo and The Renaissance
- Early Life
- The Bilancetta
- The Spy-Glass and Galileo’s Telescopes
- The Galileo Affair
- Galileo’s Recantation
- “And Yet It Moves”
Galileo lived at a time when the centuries-old Almagest of the Egyptian scholar Claudius Ptolemy, written in 139AD, was still being used by the Church as “evidence” and “confirmation” for the Aristotelian idea that the Earth was at the centre of the Universe. Galileo was part of the Renaissance, the centuries-long ferment accelerated and intensifie...
As a young student at Pisa, Galileo was highly intelligent, observant and questioning, a joy to the first-class teacher and a pest to the second rate, who as usual formed the majority. He wrote poetry and was a skilled musician and painter. He was highly cultured and came of a family of minor nobility. Vincenzio Galilei, his father, was also a musi...
He made for himself a special balance with which he could measure the exact proportions of two metals in a mixture or alloy. He realised that fine-enough markings would be too difficult to read so he wound along a part of one arm of the balance a tight spiral of very fine brass wire, extending from where the suspended weight would balance metal A (...
In 1609 came the most sensational discovery of his life. He heard of a Fleming who made a “spy-glass” and he rushed to experiment, not wishing to be outdone. And he succeeded in making a telescope of the sort familiar to everyone today who has seen an elementary book on optics. It astonished and delighted everyone, and when he succeeded in making o...
A year later he published his three letters on sunspots. He was by now a very powerful man and had created jealousy and resentment. He had so many appreciative friends in high places, including former pupils, that he probably considered himself safe. Most of his enemies worked quietly like rats in a cellar, but some did not. There was, for example,...
Though ill, old and partially blind, he went, having been offered a horse-drawn “litter” by the Duke of Tuscany, though Venice had offered sanctuary. In Rome he was housed comfortably and on 13 April at the first hearing he pleaded ignorance of the unsigned document and promised to produce that signed by Bellarmine in 1616. He almost won the day. T...
The churchmen published Galileo’s recantation throughout Europe to demonstrate their power to make men recant. It was an enormous humiliation and Galileo was left a broken man, almost mentally deranged by the months of pressure. But the kindly bishop Ascanio Piccolomini nursed him back to mental health and at length the authorities in Rome allowed ...
that the progress of physics is dependent, almost from the first step, on the method of experiment as distinguished from the method of observation. For some unknown psychological reason, the apprecia-tion of the possibilities of experiment as an intellectual tool and the ability to make use of its technique appear very late in the history of
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Oct 1, 2013 · Part III is broadly concerned with the nineteenth century and covers topics ranging from optics and thermal physics to thermodynamics, electromagnetism and field physics, electrodynamics, the evolution of the instrument-making industry between 1850 and 1930, and the applications of physics in medicine and metrology.
