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  1. The Encyclopedia of Oklahoma History and Culture. Lincoln County Union School District 61, near Chandler, circa 1899. (15373, Joseph Thoburn Collection, OHS). Arapaho District 35 Common School, Custer County, 1910. (11254.2, Lucille Snider Parks Collection, OHS). Boone Township Consolidated School in 1920.

  2. The teachers created an organization that would last for more than a century. The eleven teachers (known as the Oklahoma Teachers Association) paired with the Indian Territory Teachers Association and became known as the Oklahoma Education Association (OEA) in 1918. The OEA worked to improve teacher pay and school funding, to provide a ...

    • Slavery, Freedmen, and Southeast Oklahoma
    • Separate But Equal in Oklahoma
    • The First Desegregated School in Oklahoma
    • Sources
    • Comments

    The first black slaves began to arrive in what would become Oklahoma long before the American Civil War. They arrived during the push for westward migration. As the wild frontier began to dwindle, many white cotton farmers began to seek land in the American Southeast, primarily within the Mississippi River Valley. This was already the home of many ...

    Following the Civil War, things settled down somewhat. However, the practice of indentured servitude continued. The U.S. federal government forced the Native Americans to abolish slavery. They were then required to grant the former black slaves citizenship. While this helped, most of the “freedmen” were still poor and highly untrained. Because of t...

    In Poteau, the white settlement was centered on Broadway, between College and Flener streets. The largest black population worked for a Native American by the name of Benjamin H. Harper. At the time, the area where the current downtown district is was a large cotton plantation. After the railroads moved in, Mr. Harper sold his land for a small fort...

    Although the information contained here came from a variety of sources, most comes from The Birth of Poteau, Poteau Public School Archives, Interviews with residents, Dr. Montgomery, and early written interviews and accounts. This content is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge and is not meant to substitute for formal and indivi...

    Pat Burroughson June 03, 2020: Doctor Montgomery was our vet from the start, before I ever married. My husband and I always took our pets to him after we married. He was one of the finest people I have ever known and I considered him a friend till the day he died. Poteau was so blest to have him and his family living there. Marlea Evanson May 15, 2...

  3. desegregate its schools following the 1954 decision. Proceeding smoothly at first, integration in Oklahoma was praised by both whites and Negroes during its early years. of operation. The process began to slow down in 1958, however, and little integration occurred in the state after that time.

  4. Dec 10, 2018 · Oklahoma had just under 6,000 school districts when it became a state in 1907 because state law required it to provide free public schools and free transportation within a two mile radius. In 1947, lawmakers decided to consolidate any school with fewer than eight pupils and did so for 1,600 districts, bringing the state’s total number to nearly 4,000 districts.

    • Claire Donnelly
  5. Oct 29, 2017 · Within 10 years of forced busing, over 30,000 white students left the Oklahoma City district, according to historic enrollment data. But segregation appears to continue in some forms. In Oklahoma City schools, nearly 71 percent of black students in 1970 attended school with black enrollment of 70 percent or higher.

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  7. Percentage of 4-year-olds enrolled in public Pre-K programs Percentage of Oklahoma districts with a public Pre-K program Number of quality standards benchmarks met by Oklahoma’s public Pre-K program 99% 9 of 10 Nation 34% Oklahoma 70% White 46.26% Hispanic 19.27% American Indian 11.58% Two or More Races 12.40% Black 7.92% Asian/Pacific ...

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