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Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Vygotsky's concept of the zone of proximal development is best described as, Lucy is in her third week of pregnancy. Her embryo is forming the _____, which will develop into the nervous system., Lonnie has long conversations with her stuffed dog, Genie.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Define psychology, Goals of psychologists in terms of both basic science and application., Willhelm Wundt (1879) and more.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Developmental Psychology, 3 major issues in developmental psych, Zygotes and more.
- History of Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development
- The Sensorimotor Stage of Cognitive Development
- The Preoperational Stage of Cognitive Development
- The Concrete Operational Stage of Cognitive Development
- The Formal Operational Stage of Cognitive Development
- Important Cognitive Development Concepts
- Takeaway
Piaget was born in Switzerland in the late 1800s and was a precocious student, publishing his first scientific paper when he was just 11 years old. His early exposure to the intellectual development of children came when he worked as an assistant to Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon as they worked to standardize their famous IQ test. Much of Piaget's...
During this earliest stage of cognitive development, infants and toddlers acquire knowledge through sensory experiences and manipulating objects. A child's entire experience at the earliest period of this stage occurs through basic reflexes, senses, and motor responses. During the sensorimotor stage, children go through a period of dramatic growth ...
The foundations of language development may have been laid during the previous stage, but the emergence of language is one of the major hallmarks of the preoperational stage of development. At this stage, kids learn through pretend play but still struggle with logic and taking the point of view of other people. They also often struggle with underst...
While children are still very concrete and literal in their thinking at this point in development, they become much more adept at using logic. The egocentrism of the previous stage begins to disappear as kids become better at thinking about how other people might view a situation. While thinking becomes much more logical during the concrete opera...
The final stage of Piaget's theory involves an increase in logic, the ability to use deductive reasoning, and an understanding of abstract ideas.At this point, adolescents and young adults become capable of seeing multiple potential solutions to problems and think more scientifically about the world around them. The ability to thinking about abstra...
It is important to note that Piaget did not view children's intellectual development as a quantitative process. That is, kids do not just add more information and knowledge to their existing knowledge as they get older. Instead, Piaget suggested that there is a qualitative change in how children think as they gradually process through these four st...
One of the main points of Piaget's theory is that creating knowledge and intelligence is an inherently activeprocess. "I find myself opposed to the view of knowledge as a passive copy of reality," Piaget wrote. "I believe that knowing an object means acting upon it, constructing systems of transformations that can be carried out on or with this obj...
- Wundt and Structuralism. Wilhelm Wundt (1832–1920) was a German scientist who was the first person to be referred to as a psychologist. His famous book entitled Principles of Physiological Psychology was published in 1873.
- Functionalism. William James, John Dewey, and Charles Sanders Peirce helped establish functional psychology (Figure 1.3). They accepted Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection and viewed this theory as an explanation of an organism’s characteristics.
- Freud and Psychoanalytic Theory. Perhaps one of the most influential and well-known figures in psychology’s history was Sigmund Freud (Figure 1.4). Freud (1856–1939) was an Austrian neurologist who was fascinated by patients suffering from “hysteria” and neurosis.
- Wertheimer, Koffka, Köhler, and Gestalt Psychology. Max Wertheimer (1880–1943), Kurt Koffka (1886–1941), and Wolfgang Köhler (1887–1967) were three German psychologists who immigrated to the United States in the early 20th century to escape Nazi Germany.
In this section we will review the history of psychology with a focus on some of the major approaches to psychological inquiry. The approaches that psychologists have used to assess the issues that interest them have changed dramatically over the history of psychology.
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Aug 26, 2022 · William James (1842–1910) was the first American psychologist who espoused a different perspective on how psychology should operate . James was introduced to Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection and accepted it as an explanation of an organism’s characteristics.
