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  1. Sep 21, 2020 · Once exposed, the periorbita can be incised or saved based on the primary goal of surgery. 4 Generally, in the corridor approach, it is spared while in the orbital approach, it is cut. If an opening is created, orbital fat will protrude into the operative field and should be managed with retractors.

  2. Oct 31, 2020 · The search strategy was developed by an experienced clinical librarian and consisted of a combination of two subjects using indexed terms and free text: “Orbital Apex” and “Orbital Anatomy.” All studies describing data on anatomy alone or surgery techniques focusing on the anatomy were included.

    • Ӧ Engin, G F J P M Adriaensen, F W A Hoefnagels, P Saeed
    • 10.1007/s00276-020-02573-w
    • 2021
    • Surg Radiol Anat. 2021; 43(2): 169-178.
  3. Feb 8, 2018 · Orbital apex (OA) disorders include three groups of disorders: orbital apex syndrome (OAS), superior orbital fissure syndrome (SOFS) and cavernous sinus syndrome (CSS). OAS, also known as Jacod syndrome, is an uncommon disorder related to various etiologies involving the OA, including trauma, neoplastic, developmental, infectious, inflammatory as well as vascular causes.

    • Pradeep Goyal, Steven Lee, Nishant Gupta, Yogesh Kumar, Manisha Mangla, Kusum Hooda, Shuo Li, Rajiv ...
    • 10.1177/1971400917740361
    • 2018
    • Neuroradiol J. 2018 Apr; 31(2): 104-125.
    • Orbital Anatomy
    • Tumors/Lesion
    • Imaging After Oculoplasty Surgery

    The bony orbit is a quadrangular truncated pyramids situated between the anterior cranial fossa above and maxillary sinus below. Each orbit is formed by seven bones namely frontal, ethmoid, lacrimal, palatine, maxillary, zygomatic and sphenoid. Orbit is divided into various spaces and knowledge of these compartments are required for proper diagnosi...

    Extraocular

    Extraocular lesions can be either transcompartmental, intraconal, or extraconal.

    Intraocular

    Ultrasound should be the first-line radiologic modality for the evaluation of suspected intraocular masses, and MRI later.

    At times, post operative imaging is also required for confirming the adequate position of implants.This may be done for post orbital fracture repairs with inadequate cosmesis to look for residual enophthalmos, post enucleation for a migrated impant, post surgery for anophthalmic socket with tissue expander and post surgery for lid retraction with m...

  4. Oct 31, 2020 · The orbital apex is the narrowest part of the orbit, housing the link between the intracranial cavity and orbit. Knowledge of orbital apex anatomy is crucial to selecting a surgical approach and reducing the risk of complications. Our purpose is to summarize current knowledge on surgical anatomy and attempt to reach a consensus on definition of ...

    • Ӧ Engin, G F J P M Adriaensen, F W A Hoefnagels, P Saeed
    • 2021
  5. Jan 13, 2011 · The more recently described endoscopic technique with intraoperative image guidance can provide access to a subset orbital apical and periorbital skull base lesions. In carefully selected cases, this technique provides excellent visualization and access to the orbital apex and avoids larger craniofacial surgeries. Laryngoscope, 2011

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  7. The orbital apex is anatomically the posterior part of the orbit positioned at the craniofacial junction located where the four orbital walls converge. The orbital apex incorporates the optic canal and the superior orbital fissure. The optic canal transmits the optic nerve (surrounded by meninges) and the ophthalmic artery to the cranial fossa.